Đề cương ôn tập Tiếng Anh 8 học kỳ 1

ừ khác như : sure, certain, right, careful, lucky, wrong, … được theo sau bởi một cụm động từ nguyên mẫu. Ex . : He’s certain to win the game. Be careful not to dirty the picture. 2.Một số tính từ có thể được theo sau bởi một mệnh đề danh từ (a noun clause). Ex: I’m glad ( that ) you can make it. 19. In order to – so as to + V( base form) : được dùng để diễn tả mục đích Ex: He’s saving money in order to / so as to go on holiday next summer. 20. Future simple Tense ( Thì tương lai đơn) - Use : Diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra tại một thời điểm nào đó trong tương lai. - Form : + S + will / shall + V + …………… Ex: He will finish his homework tomorrow . - S+ won’t / shan’t + V + ……………….. Lan won’t go to the zoo next week. ? Will / Shall + S + V + …………………. ? Will you do this exercise ? 21 . The passive form (voice) Form: BE + V3 /V-ed (past participle) Ex: They sell jeans all over the world. => Jeans are sold all over the world. Note: - Khi chủ ngữ câu chủ động là: THEY, PEOPLE, SOMEONE, NO ONE, ANYONE thì khi đổi sang câu bị động không có By agent . Nhưng khi danh từ làm chủ ngữ bắt buộc phải có agent - Với động từ đặc biệt (modal verbs): CAN, MUST, MAY, MIGHT, SHOULD, WILL,. . . ta phải thêm BE trước khi chuyển động từ chính sang dạng PAST PARTICIPLE. S + modal verb + be + V-ed / V3 (past participle) Ex : You must do this exercise carefully. => This exercise must be done carefully. 22. -ed and -ing participle( Quá khứ và hiện tại phân từ ) - Hiên tại phân từ “- ING” còn gọi là phân từ tác động. Ex: His job is boring. - Quá khứ phân từ “ – ED” còn gọi là phân từ bị tác động. Ex: This clock is broken. * Quá khứ và hiện tại phân từ : Đứng trước danh từ, hoặc sau động từ liên kết Ex: A tired worker is sleeping on the chair. The story is interesting * Quá khứ và hiện tại phân từ: được dùng để rút gọn mệnh đề tính từ Ex: The boy is in my class . He’s reading a book. ® The boy reading a book is in my class. There are many books. They are written in English. ® There are many books written in English. 23. Past progressive ( Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn ) - Form : WAS / WERE + Present pasticiple ( V-ing ) - Use: - diễn tả sự kiện xảy ra ở một thời điểm cụ thể ( giờ ) trong quá khứ Ex: What were you doing at 2 p.m. yesterday? - diễn tả một sự kiện đang diễn tiến bất chợt một sự kiện khác xảy đến ở quá khứ. Ex: Last night when I was doing homework, the electricity went out. - diễn tả hai hay nhiều sự kiện xảy ra cùng một lúc song song ở quá khứ Ex: Last Friday as I was swimming at the pool, my father was visiting the City Museum. * Note: Thì ù khứ tiếp diễn thường dùng với WHEN,WHILE hay AS để chỉ sự kiện đang diễn tiến. * ALWAYS with the past progressive: always dùng với thì tiếp diễn để diễn tả sự kiện thường xuyên xảy ra với sự không hài lòng hay than phiền (Ex: He was always coming to work late.) 24.Compound nouns ( danh từ kép) - Noun + Gerund : danh từ làm túc từ cho danh động từ. Ex: fire – making , rice – cooking, … - Gerund + Noun : danh động từ phân loại danh từ , chỉ loại và mục đích cho danh từ. Ex: Washing-machine; working- condition; waiting – room ; . . . 25. Reported speech ( lời nói trần thuật) là câu thuật lại một cách gián tiếp lời nói của người khác. Để chuyển từ trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp chúng ta phải: * Một số thay đổi về thì (Tense change) :- Nếu động từ thường thuật (reporting verb) của câu ở thì quá khứ thì phải lùi động từ chính về quá khứ một bậc khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp (direct speech) sang lời nói gián tiếp (indirect / reported speech) theo quy tắc sau : Speaker’s words Reported statement Speaker’s words Reported statement will / shall ® would / should present simple ® past simple am / is / are going to ® was / were going to present continuous ® past continuous past continuous ® past perfect continuous must ® had to present perfect ® past perfect past simple ® past perfect can ® could Ex: Direct speech: “I’ll talk to Hoa.”said he. ® Reported speech: He said he would talk to Hoa main verb reporting verb - Nếu động từ tường thuật ở thì hiện tại thì thì của động từ chính được giữ nguyên khi chuyển lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp.Trạng từ chỉ nơi chốn,thời gian và đại từ chỉ định được giữ nguyên. Ex: Direct speech : “I’m arriving at about 6.00.”says Brenda. Reported speech : Brenda says she’s arriving at about 6.00. Note: - Có thể dùng hoặc không dùng “that” sau động từ tường thuật. Ví dụ : He said (that) he wasn’t going. - says / say to + O ® tells / tell = O said to + O ® told + O Exï : He told (said to) Helen (that) he didn’t like coffee. - Một số động từ không thay đổi khi chuyển sang lời nói gián tiếp. Would ® would, could ® could, might ® might, should ® should, ought to ® ought to * Một số chuyển đổi khác (Some other changes) : Khi chuyển từ lời nói trực tiếp sang gián tiếp mà động từ tường thuật ở thì quá khứ thì các trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn và đại từ chỉ định được chuyển đổi theo quy tắc sau : Speaker’s words statement Reported today / tonight that day / that night tomorrow the next day / the following day yesterday the day before /the previous day ago / now before / then next/ on Monday the next/ following Monday last Monday the previous Monday / the Monday before the day after tomorrow in two days’ time / two days later this / these that / those here there Ex: Direct speech : “ I’m leaving here tomorrow,” said Mary Reported speech : Mary said (that) she was leaving there the next day. 26.Reported questions (câu hỏi trần thuật)không có cùng trật tự từ (trợ động từ trước chủ ngữ)như câu hỏi trực tiếp.Trợ động từ “do,does,did”và dấu hỏi không xuất hiện trong câu. - Yes – No questions : thường được mở đầu bằng các động từ như “ ask, inquire, wonder,….” Và ta dùng “if” hay “whether” trong lời nói trần thuật và theo sau các động từ mở đầu . Ex: “ Do you see new friend?” he said ® He asked if you saw new friends. - Wh –questions : Thường được bắt đầu bằng các động từ “ask, wonder,want to know . . .”và theo sau là các nghi vấn từ : who,which,whom,what,. . . Ex: “ Who is going for a walk?” he asked them. ® He asked them who was going for a walk. EXERCISES I. Fill in the gap with since or for to complete the sentence. 1. He watched television ………..three hours. 2. They have been friends………….five months. 3. My family has owned this farm……….1990. 4. I have wanted that book ………..months. 5. I haven’t seen you…………..Christmas. 6. We have been here………January. 7. I haven’t eaten any meat………….over a year. 8. She has worn the same old dress ………..the beginning of the month. II. Give the correct form of the verb in the brackets in the present perfect tense. 1. I (know)……………….him all my life. 2. They (live)…………………..in that house for two years. 3. My brother (write)…………………..three books. 4. She (not break)…………………….her leg. 5. She (break)………………………her arm. 6. I (see)……………………….an elephant several times. 7. She (have)……………………that dress for ten years. 8. We (be)……………………………here for hours! 9. The children (not finish)……………………….their homework yet. 10. You (be)………………………to the zoo? III. Give the correct form of the verb in the brackets. 1. We (study)______________ a very hard lesson the day before yesterday. 2. I (read)______________ that novel by Hemingway several times before. 3. We (study)____________________almost every lesson in this book so far. 4. My wife and I (travel) ________________ to Mexico by air last summer. 5. I (have)______________ a little trouble with my car last week. 6. What you (do)_______________ yesterday? 7. How long you (learn)__________________ English? 8. Ton never (be)__________________ in Hanoi. 9. The plane (stop)_______________ at a small town. It then (take) ___________ off immediately after refuelling. 10. She (be)_______ so happy when she (hear)____________ the news that she (cry)___________________. 11. Steven (live)_________________ in London since 1990. 12. We (leave)_______________ Singapore six months ago. 13. I never(eat)____________________ snake meat. 13. Diana (meet)________________Simon for dinner last night. 14. Oh no! Someone(steal)________________ my bag. IV. Fill in the blanks with the right prepositions: 1. I was born ____ April 4th. 2. What did you do ___ this summer? 3. It often rains ____ October in Viet Nam. 4. What is he doing _____ this moment? 5. My birthday is ____ September 6. The classes starts ____ 7.00, so I must go to school ___ 7.00 7. You should brush your teeth ____ meals 8. Does it rain ___ spring? 9. She loves to watch stars ____ night. 10. I go to the market in order ___ buy food. 11. You have to learn it ___ heart. 12. Could you turn ___ the light, please?. It’s very dark. 13. Turn ___ the TV before going to bed. 14. His mum is always proud ___ him. 15. Goodbye! See you ___ Monday. 15. The bus collected us ____ 5 o’clock. 16. My father often reads newspapers _____ meals 17. There is a meeting ____ 7a.m and 9 a.m. 18. We were born ____ 2000. 19. You must wash your hands _____ meals 20. We had interesting activities _______ summer. 21. Teacher’s Day is ____ November 20th . 22.We always go to school ______ the morning. 23. There is a good movie on TV ___ 7p.m, so I must go home _____ 7.00 p.m. V. Underline the best word in brackets to complete the sentences: 1. They swim (quick / quickly) 2. She is a (good / well) singer. 3. We work (hard / hardly). 4. Tuan is a (fast / fastly) runner. 5. Our team won the game because we played very (well /good) 6. He had an accident because he was driving too (fast / fastly). 7. Tom drives (careful / carefully) along the narrow road 8. Do you usually feel (nervous / nervously) before examination. 9. Her English is quite (fluent / fluently). 10. She felt and hurt herself (bad / badly). 11. Mary is a (good / well) student. 12. They ran very / (quick / quickly). 13. How is your mother today? She is (good / well) 14. He dances (beautiful / beautifully) .He is a (beautiful / beautifully) dancer. VI. Give the correct form of the verbs in brackets: 1. She is fond of (go)______ camping on the weekend. 2. Nam hates (jog)______ in the morning. 3./ You should (read)______ stories to improve reading skill. 4. My father stopped (smoke)______ 5 years ago. 5. Nam (dislike / watch)_______________ TV in the morning. 6. My sister is afraid of _________(cross) the streets. 7. Mary (do) _________the housework and then she went to the market. 8. Hoa and Mai really (like / walk)_________ along the river in the morning. 9. My brother used (swim)_______ in the river when he (be) young. 10. My little sister often (cry) ______ at night when she (be) ________ a baby 11. Sue and Mary like (walk) ______ along the river in the morning. 12. His little brother enjoys (draw) ______ pictures very much. 13. Can you (show) ________ me to way to the nearest bank? 14. My father used (get up) _____ late in the morning when he (be) _______ young. 15. We should (help) _______ the elderly people and street children. 16. She hates (wash) _________- up. 17. Let’s (plant) __________ and (water) _________ trees along the streets. They don’t like (cook) _______ meals. 18. Do you love (read) _________ books? 19. She ought to (stay) ______ in bed? 20. Which you (have) ________ yesterday? 21. you (use) _________ to walk to school last year? 22. The teacher asked us (do) _____ the test carefully? 23. I want (improve) _______ my listening. 24. I would like (drink) _______ some coffee. 25. The Y & Y help community by (participate) ___________ in the recycling program. 26. I’m interesting in (watch) _______TV. 27. Hoa usually (get up) ________ early. This morning he (get up) ________ at 9.00. 28. I (have) ______ an interesting summer holiday last year. 29. My dear friend, Liz (phone) ______ me yesterday. 30. Thu (do) ______ her homework. Then she went to the supermarket. 31 They usually (eat) _______ at home but last night they (eat) _______ out. 32. Last night I (call) _____ her but she (be) ___out 33. My friends and I often (go) ____ swimming on the weekend but last weekend we (go) _____ fishing. 34. She used to (swim)________ well. TRẮC NGHIỆM I. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others. 1A. generous B. reserve C. festival D. message 2A. escape B. equipment C. excited D. emigrate 3A. appear B. annoy C. agree D. after 4. A.hoped B.raised C.died D.appeared 5A. graze B. magical C. grandmother D. rag 6A. match B. catch C. watch D. math 7A. rug B. cushion C. cupboard D. rule 8A. knife B. wife C. nice D. children 9A. happy B. try C. candy D. electricity 10A. character B. architect C. chair D. chemical II. Choose the word whose main stress is placed differently from the others 1.A. equipment B.farmer C.grandma D.story 2.A.tradition B. equipment C. electricity D.semester 3.A.servant B.master C.wisdom D.escape 4.A.believe B.improve C.promise D.prefer 5.A.language B.learner C.meaning D.revision III . Choose the word or phrase that best complete each sentence. 1- The children are old enough to look after ______ A . themselves B. ourselves C. herself D. himself 2-He isn’t_________get married. A .enough old to B.old enough to C .enough old for D. old enough for 3- We -------- to go to the market and buy something for dinner. A.must B. should C. ought D. have to 4. I’ll see you……….. Sunday , April 1st . A. in B. on C. at D. between 5. My friends worked really………. this semester. A. hardly B. hard C. very hardly D. bad 6. Tuan hates ……….. computer games all day A. play B. to play C. playing D. plays 7. My father used……….. us to the zoo when he was alive. A .take B. to take C. took D. taking 8. Tam told his friend………..him a ride. A. give B. to give C. giving D. gives 9. Revision is …………… when we learn new words. A. necessary B. necessarily C. more necessary D. unnecessary 10. ………is a story passed on in spoken form from one generation to the next . A. Talking B. Talk C. Folktale D. Speaking 11. Mary was born in France. French is her…………… A. first languge B. mother tongue C. foreign D. A and B 12. - Lan doesn’t talk much in public. She’s rather --------- in public. A. reserved B. silent C. talkative. D. sociable 13- Deaf-mutes can _______speak _______hear. A . both….and B. neither…nor C. not only… but also D . either… or 14- You’ll _________ cook dinner yourself A. have to B. ought to C.must D. should 15- Would you like________ a message? A . leave B. to leave C. leaving D. left 16- Her mother __________ this city two years ago A. left B. leave C. leaving D. leaves 17. The calendar is _____ the clock,_______ the picture and the lamp. A . on/ next to B. under/ between C. behind/ between D. above/ on 18. Nam ................in Hanoi for ten years. A. lives B. lived C. was living D. has lived 19. My sister is very good..................math. A. in B. on C. at D. of 20. Could you do me a favor?........................ A. Why? B. What can I do for you? C. I’m sorry. I’m really busy. D. Both B&C are correct 21. I ……………. her three years ago. A. look B. meet C. see D. met 22. I haven’t seen her ………….. yesterday. A. during B. for C. at D since. 23. She has…………. over 30 pages since yesterday. A. written B. wrote C. to write D. write 24. They have studied......................six o’clock. A. in B. at C. since D. for 25. Airmail is ...................expensive than surface mail. A. the most B. the same C. as D. more 26. Tom asked me…………him my dictionary. A. to lend B. lend C. lent D. lends 27. ………you need any help ? Yes. That’s very kind of you. A. Do B. May C. Can D. Could 28. We can see hundreds of photos at the……….. A. photo exhibition B. stadium C. movie theater D. Town Ground 29. They’ve studied English……….3 years. A. for B. since C. in D. on 30. The little boy is not ………….. to lift the suitcase. A. strong enough B. enough strong C. strong too D. so strongly 31. How ……………. have you learned English? A. long B. far C. deep D. old 32. I haven’t seen her ………….. yesterday. A. since B. for C. at D. during 33. Lipton tea is different………… Dilmah tea. A. from B. as C. in D. than 34. Their wedding will be …………….. 20th June. A. on B. in C. at D. into 35. You should ..............the baby to the doctor. A. take B. takes C. taking D. took 36. Mr. Nam .................he should stay inside. A. say B. said C. ask D. tell 37. My sister is very proud ...................herself. A. of B. on C. in D. at 38. My mother ...............a long black hair when she was young. A. used to have B. has C. would have D. was having 39. Do you enjoy ....................sports programs? A. watch B. to watch C. watching D. watched 40. She was born .................February 15th , 2001 A. in B. on C. at D. of B. TỰ LU ẬN I . Read the passage and answer the questions *READ 1 Alexander Graham Bell was born in 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland. He moved to Canada and then to the USA in the 1870s. In America, he worked with deaf-mutes at Boston University. Soon, Bell started experimenting with ways of transmitting speech over a long distance. This led to the invention of the telephone. Thomas Watson was Bell's assistant. Bell and Watson introduced the telephone in 1876. Bell demonstrated his invention at a lot of exhibitions. He died in 1922. Questions 1. When and where was Alexander Graham Bell born? …………………………………………………………………………….. 2. What did he do when he was at Boston University? ……………………………………………………………………………. 3. Who was Thomas Watson? …………………………………………………………………………….. 4. Where did Bell demonstrate his invention? ………………………………………………………………………………. *READ 2 I have a little notebook . I always have it with me. I try to fill one page a day. Sometimes I put words in groups, like fruit- all kinds of fruit, or colors, clothes, or things. I have some grammar pages, where I write regular verbs or irregular verbs , or a page of prepositions. I think prepositions are difficult. *Questions 1. What does she always have with her? …………………………………………………………………………………… 2. How many pages does she try to fill a day? ……………………………………………………………………………………. 3.In what way does she put words? …………………………………………………………………………………… 4. What does she write on grammar pages? ……………………………………………………………………………… II. Fill in the gaps with a suitable preposition Is your birthday....................April ? My birthday is ......................April 7th. Call me again ..............11 o’clock because my classes will finish at 11.00. He always gets home...............6.00 because he doesn’t want to miss the six o’clock film. 5.He asked me to come........................11.30, not.....................noon. 6.The stores open....................Monday until 9.00 p.m 7.You must be there .........................2.00 and 2.30 8.I often have lunch ............................1.30 9.Alexander. G. Bell was born...........March 3rd , 1845........Scotland. 10.He worked ............deaf-mutes.............Boston University. III. Supply the correct form of the verbs : 1. I think you should (do)………….… the morning exercises. 2. ………...he (buy)……..……this dictionary last week? 3. Does she want (become)…………………. a singer? 4. My brother hates (do)……………..……. the ironing. 5.There are a lot of black clouds in the sky . It (rain)…………………………. 6.Where …………..you (go)…………..last summer ? 7. We (study) ………………………………in this school for 3 years. 8. The moon(go) _________around the earth. 9. He (go) ................... to the English club every day, but last Sunday he (not go)................... there. 10. I (write)_________ a letter to him last week. 11. Where ____________you (go)_______________last summer ? 12. Bees ( make)…………………………… honey 13. The earth ( go) ……………………….round the sun 14. They ( stay) ………………………with their friends every weekend 15. I (do) ……………………my math homework at the moment 16. We ……………………….(not see) each other for 10 years. 17. Minh usually (play)………………. volleyball after school. Now he (play)……………….. volleyball in the sports ground 18.My grandma is sick. I ( visit ) ________________- her tonight 19.Where (be) _________________you last summer ? - We (be)________________________ at the seaside 20.Lan (study)_______________________ math last night IV. Do these sentences as directed 1.Nga failed her English exam because she didn’t study hard. ( Make a question) …………………………………………………………………………………….. 2. Trinh got up late last week but she gets up early now. (Complete the sentence, using “ used to”) Trinh used ........................……………………………………………..………… 3.”Can you close the door for me ?” Mai said to Minh. (Change into reported speech) ………………………………………………………………………………………. 4. Mr. Lam is too weak. He can’t lift this table. ( using “adj + enough + to.inf….) …………………………………………………………………………………….. 5. My uncle / often spend / free time/ do volunteer work /a local orphanage. (Complete the sentence) ………………………………………………………………………………………. 6. “ Could you lend me your pen?” Lan said to Minh.( Reported speech) Lan asked……………………..…………………………………………………… 7.They intend to go on a picnic next Sunday. (using “be going to” ) They are…………………………………………………………………………….. 8.Scouting began in England in 1907.( Make a question) ……………………………………………………………………………………… 9.Tam / live / HCM City /1999 …………………………………………………………………………… ( Write the sentence , using the cue words) 10.may/ drugs/ because/ children/ eat/ they/ like/ look/ candy. (Put the words in the correct order) _____________________________________________________________ 11.He isn’t tall. So he can’t reach the shelf. (using” enough to…”) ________________________________________________ 12. Children mustn’t play with matches because playing with matches can start a fire. ( make a question ) ………………………………………………………………………….. 13. I intend to buy a new fishing rod. I am ……………………………………. 14. Did you paint the room …………………?(Reflexive pronoun) 15. They plan to invite him for dinner tonight.( using “Be going to”) ……………………………………………………………………. 16. He is strong. He can lift a heavy box.(enough) ……………………………………………………………………….. 17. I last saw Lan two months ago _ I have ……………………………….. 18. He bought this computer last year - He has ………………………………………………………… 19.When / they / collect / empty / garbage ? …………………………………………………………………………….. ( Write the sentence , using the cue words) 20.Mai went to school late this morning because she watched TV late last night Why……………………………………………..………………..? V . Combine these sentences using “ enough” : This student is very intelligent. He can get good marks. ………………………………………………………………………… These boys are very tall. They can play basketball. ……………………………………………………………………….. Nam is very clever. He can make beautiful things. ………………………………………………………………………… The book was very interesting. It attracted us ............................................................................................................... My grandma is humorous. She can tell jokes …………………………………………………………………………. VI. Make questions from the words underlined : She is tall and thin and has short black hair ………………………………………………………………………….. He is sociable, kind and generous …………………………………………………………………………….. Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone ………………………………………………………………………………… They are going to see a movie on the weekend ……………………………………………………………………………………. She was home late because she had to visit her mother ................................................................................................................................ We must cover electrical sockets because children can put anything into them ……………………………………………………………………………………. Nga failed her English test because she didn’t study hard ………………………………………………………………………………………… My grandma used to work hard on the farm when she was young ………………………………………………………………………………………….. PRACTICE I/Rewrite the sentences using “used to” He doesn’t love me any more. He used……………………… 2.They often went to school by bike when they were yuong. They used …………………………. 3.I usually ate much meat. I used to ……………………………. 4.When Lan was small, she used to cry a lot. Lan often ……………………………………… 5. My father used to drive to work when he lived in Japan. My father ………………………………………….. 6. We had a nice garden once, but now we don’t any more. We ………………………………………………. 7.David used to have long hair. David usually………………………………….. 8. Her mother usually got up early. Her ……………………………………………. 9.He often ate lots of ham. He ……………………………. 10. We lived in the country in 1980s but now we live in HCM city. We………………………………………………………………………………. II/Rewrite sentences using : It takes/ took + O + time + to V S +spend(s)/ spent + time + V-ing 1. I walk to school in 20 minutes everyday. It ………………………………………. I ………………………………………