Đề thi học sinh giỏi các trường THPT chuyên khu vực miền núi trung du phía bắc lần thứ XIV, năm 2018 môn: Tiếng Anh - Lớp 10

less effect on them than physical contact. B. It works best when it is combined with a game. C. The whales often wonder when this will happen. 5. When asked about the skills a trainer needs, Laura mentions A. losing confidence when something goes wrong. B. reacting to the frightening appearance of a whale. C. forgetting what to say to the spectators. PART II: GRAMMAR and VOCABULARY I. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete each of the following sentences. 1. “There is no further treatment we can give”; said Dr John “We must let the disease take its .” A. course B. term C. end D. way 2. I was .by the wording of the advertisement A. mistaken B. misled C. misunderstood D. misguided 3. By the age of twenty-five he had ..his ambition of becoming a pianist. A. reached B. completed C. achieved D. obtained 4. The complettion of the new Town Hall has been ..owning to a strike A. held off B. held down C. held up D. held on 5. A part-time job gives me the freedom to ..my own interests. A. chase B. seek C. catch D. pursue 6. When you are learning a language at home, you can work at your own . A. pace B. speed C. way D. mind 7. The public at. does not know enough about AIDS A. first B. large C. once D. times 8. He .some unusual educational beliefs A. keeps B. carries C. holds D. takes 9. Our thoughts ..on our four missing colleagues A. based B. centered C. imposed D. depended 10. I won’t .those children making a noise in my house A. allow B. let C. permit D. have 11. I wish we had never bought him a T.V – all he ever does is sit .to the box A. fixed B. stuck C. glued D. sealed 12. In Southern Spain, you can play golf on beautiful .. overlooking the sea. A. courses B. field C. pitches D. courts 13. A new computer has been produced, which will all previous models A. excel B. overdo C. overwhelm D. supersede 14. Despite being a very good student, she didn’t fulfill her . later in life A. aptitude B. capacity C. potential D. makings 15. . in 1607, Jamestown in Virginia was the first settlement in the New World A. Finding B. Found C. Founding D. Founded 16. It is vital that everyone_______ aware of the protection of the environment. A. is B. be C. are D. were 17. The woman was________ from hospital only a week after her operation. A. discharged B. expelled C. evicted D. ejected 18. _______appears considerably larger at the horizon than it does overhead is merely an optical illusion. A. The moon B. The moon which C. When the moon D. That the moon 19. I don't think it would be wise to try to make max change his mind about divorcing Narnia. Well, in his place I __________her at all. A. would never marry B. must never have married C. would never have married D. needn't have married 20. Ask David to give you a hand moving the furniture. He's as strong as________ . A. an elephant B. a mountain C. a gorilla D. a horse II. Fill in each of the following sentences with the correct form of the word in brackets to complete each sentence. 1. I am afraid one committee won’t be enough to investigate all the (grief) of the dissatisfied clients. 2. There is no .. (admit) to the museum on Mondays. 3. Now that you have finished your studies, you can feel absolutely . (care) being under no pressure any longer. 4. It was impossible to read the pedestal inscription for it had been .. (face) by some mindless vandal. 5. It is only a three day stay in the hotel and I think we can ignore such small (convenient) as the lack of hot water or air-conditioning. 6. We are so proud of your most . (credit) academic achievements tht we have decided to take you on trip to Australia. 7. The boy’s manners were highly .. (contempt). No wonder that the teacher objected to having him in his class. 8. We cannot rely on her account of the occurrence, it doesn’t sound very .. 9. If only we hadn’t forgot to take the mosquito .. (repel), we wouldn’t have suffered from so severe bites. 10. Mrs. Stone is an .. (expect) mother. Her baby is due next month. III. There are 10 mistakes in this passage. Identify and correct them. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 The Arctic fox is comparatively in size to the domestic cat. It inhabits the so-call kingdom of the polar bear, the area midway between Norway and North Pole. This canine predator adapts with extreme weather conditions. During the winter months, it’s white coat is ideal camouflage in these rough northern climates. The Arctic fox can roam all winter without hibernate. Its fur is the thickest of all Arctic mammals. Its insulation enables it survive even though winter temperatures normally fall to -50 degrees Celsius. When nutrition becomes scarce, the Arctic fox may follow polar bears as it pursue seals on the perilous sea ice. This strategy is hazard not only because of the possibility of falling into freezing water, but also because polar bears will consume Arctic foxes if they can catch it. Line 1. Line....... 2. Line 3. Line 4. Line 5. Line 6. Line 7. Line 8. Line. 9. Line.. 10. Line. Mistake .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... Correction .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... .................................... IV. Fill in each blank with a suitable preposition or particle. 1. The accused leaders were dispossessed their belongings in case they wanted to suppress any evidence. 2. The success of our latest CD was far our wildest dreams. Nobody had expected it to become so popular. 3. Eddie got into trouble after he had treated himself .. too many books and had no money left for the bus back home. 4. Visit us again in summer when all the flowers in the garden are full bloom. 5. She didn’t do anything wrong but .. the same token she did nothing good. 6. Why didn’t you answer the phone? Probably, I wasn’t . call when it rang. It must have been outside the house. 7. Despite a firm ban on smoking in the office, several people found it hard to abstain .. lighting a cigarette. 8. Peter’s expertise in electronics is admirable. He’s got all the information required . his fingertips. 9. She may seem to be crazy about fashion, but she certainly knows wha is vogue. 10. Don’t worry about the illegibility of that report. It has been written .. rough and I am going to have it rewritten clean by the secretary. PART IV: READING I. Read the following passage choose the correct word for each of the blanks For many people doing physical exercise may 1. ____ a painful torturing of the body. Therefore, there is usually something we come up with that is 2. _____ bigger importance than putting one’s muscles through their 3. _____ . Unless we are forced to go in for a physical training, we are 4. _____ to treat it as something of a lower 5. _____ than staying in front of the TV set, spending time in a pub 6. _____ alcoholic beverages or consuming excessive quantities of fattening confectionery in a cafe. We need to be considerably motivated to 7. _____ up a body workout and build our physical fitness. What usually 8. _____ individuals from 9. _____ themselves to strenuous exercise is the fear of fatigue, discomfort or even the inhibitions of being 10. _____ by true fitness zealots. 1. A. incorporate B. entail C. administer D. correspond 2. A. in B. with C. at D. of 3. A. paces B. efforts C. labors D. burdens 4. A. tended B. implied C. affirmed D. inclined 5. A. superiority B. privilege C. advantage D. priority 6. A. smacking B. sipping C. seething D. sniffing 7. A. take B. put C. get D. make 8. A. rejects B. denies C. opposes D. repels 9. A. committing B. absorbing C. involving D. engrossing 10. A. outweighed B. outnumbered C. outdone D. outcasted II. Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word. Customer rights I once called over the wine waiter in an expensive restaurant to tell him that I thought the wine I had ordered was off. (1) _______ the mere suggestion that something might be wrong, he became most unpleasant. (2) _______ reluctantly tasted it, however, he immediately apologized and brought another bottle. It helped that I knew I was legally (3) ________ the right. (4) ________ in a restaurant or a bar, the food or drink must be fit (5) ________ human consumption and of a quality that you are entitled to expect in an establishment of that category. (6) _______ the customer, you have considerable rights. The menu, for example, is a vital legal document and a restaurant can be fined up to $5000 (7) _______ it fail to display one outside or immediately inside the door. Potential customers have the right to know in advance what they are committing (8) ________ to and it is an offence against the Trade Descriptions Act for any establishment to give a false description of its food. Everything must be (9) ________ it claimed to be and in cases (10) ________ it is not, you should complain. III. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer Excerpted from “What Video Games Have to Teach us about Learning and Literacy" by James Paul Gee When people learn to play video games, they are learning a new literacy. Of course, this is not the way the word "literacy" is normally used. Traditionally, people think of literacy as the ability to read and write. Why, then, should we think of literacy more broadly, in regard to video games or anything else, for that matter? There are two reasons. First, in the modern world, language is not the only important communicational system. Today images, symbols, graphs, diagrams, artifacts, and many other visual symbols are particularly significant. Thus, the idea of different types of "visual literacy" would seem to be an important one. For example, being able to "read" the images in advertising is one type of visual literacy. And, of course, there are different ways to read such images, ways that are more or less aligned with the intentions and interests of the advertisers. Knowing how to read interior designs in homes, modernist art in museums, and videos on MTV are other forms of visual literacy. Furthermore, very often today words and images of various sorts are juxtaposed and integrated in a variety of ways. In newspaper and magazines as well as in textbooks, images take up more and more of the space alongside words. In fact, in many modern high school and college textbooks in the sciences images not only take up more space, they now carry meanings that are independent of the words in the text. If you can't read these images, you will not be able to recover their meanings from the words in the text as was more usual in the past. In such multimodal texts (texts that mix words and images), the images often communicate different things from the words. And the combination of the two modes communicates things that neither of the modes does separately. Thus, the idea of different sorts of multimodal literacy seems an important one. Both modes and multimodality go far beyond images and words to include sounds, music, movement, bodily sensations, and smells. None of this news today, of course. We very obviously live in a world awash with images. It is our first answer to the question why we should think of literacy more broadly. The second answer is this: Even though reading and writing seem so central to what literacy means traditionally, reading and writing are not such general and obvious matters as they might at first seem. After all, we never just read or write; rather, we always read or write something in some way. So there are different ways to read different types of texts. Literacy is multiple, then, in the sense that the legal literacy needed for reading law books is not the same as the literacy needed for reading physics texts or superhero comic books. And we should not be too quick to dismiss the latter form of literacy. Many a superhero comic is replete with post-Freudian irony of a sort that would make a modern literary critic's heart beat fast and confuse any otherwise normal adult. Literacy, then, even as traditionally conceived to involve only print, is not a unitary thing but a multiple matter. There are, even in regard to printed texts and even leaving aside images and multimodal texts, different "literacies." Once we see this multiplicity of literacy (literacies), we realize that when we think about reading and writing, we have to think beyond print. Reading and writing in any domain, whether it is law, rap songs, academic essays, superhero comics, or whatever, are not just ways of decoding print, they are also caught up with and in social practices... Video games are a new form of art. They will not replace books; they will sit beside them, interact with them, and change them and their role in society in various ways, as, indeed, they are already doing strongly with movies. (Today many movies are based on video games and many more are influenced by them.) We have no idea yet how people "read" video games, what meanings they make from them. Still less do we know how they will "read" them in the future. 1. According to the first paragraph, the broadest definition of "literacy" is... A. The ability to analyze literature B. The ability comprehend basic cultural cues C. The ability to read and write D. The ability to compose poetry 2. All are mentioned as being types of "visual literacy" EXCEPT... A. Musical tones B. Interior Design C. Diagrams D. Modern Art 3. An example from a science textbook of the phenomenon the author describes in the third paragraph could be... A. A genetic tree that coincides with the discussion of specific mammal classes in the text B. A diagram of a specific chemical reaction that is used to explain a broad definition in the text C. An illustration of a plant cycle that accompanies a chapter on photosynthesis D. A cartoon that references the same methods discussed in the text about laboratory safety 4. What is an example of a "multimodal" text? A. A dictionary B. A movie script C. A photo album D. An art book that describes the art as well as reproduces images of the original prints 5. The idiom in the sixth paragraph, "read against the grain of the text" is closest in meaning to... A. Reading to understand the underlying meanings and themes of the author's words-not just a literal interpretation B. Reading text that defines different types of wheat and grains C. To read the text from right to left rather than left to right D. To read books that use recycled paper and other green alternatives 6. In the seventh paragraph, the author suggests that literacy is multiple, meaning that... A. To be "literate" can mean participating in any form of expression B. One's literacy increases exponentially as greater mastery of reading and writing is achieved C. Different genres and modes of expression require different background knowledge and perspectives to understand them D. Literacy can only be gained by exploring every type of media and expression 7. Why does the author give the example of superhero comics to explain multiple literacies? A. To explain that comic books are written for children and purely for entertainment. They require only a basic knowledge of the action that occurs in the story B. To once again refer to his earlier points about "multimodal" texts C. To insist that even when an author may intend multiple meanings and interpretations, they are rarely successful in conveying those to readers D. Things that may seem on the surface to be only meant for a particular group of people can actually have very profound meanings to those who possess other types of literacy 8. The author suggests that all of the following require different types of literacy and the ability to decode meaning EXCEPT... A. Rap music B. Comic books C. Academic papers D. Symphonies 9. The author says that video games... A. Are not yet entirely understood in terms of literacy, but are already impacting other forms of expression such as filmmaking B. Are unrealistic and should not fall into the same categories as the other texts he describes C. Are too violent to risk experimenting with for the purposes of understanding literacy D. Are irrelevant in academic discussion because no one has yet determined how to explain the ways that people understand them 10. What would be the most logical information for the next paragraph to contain if the article continued? A. A technological definition of video games, how they are made, and how they are played B. A historical explanation of the very first video game and its evolution C. Examples of the way that some people currently interpret video games and what they mean to them D. A price comparison of video game consoles and whether or not quality has a direct impact on literacy IV. The following reading passage has nine paragraphs, A–I. Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A–H from the list of headings below. Section A ___ vi_____ 1 Section B _________ 2 Section C _________ 3 Section D _________ Section E ___x______ 4 Section F _________ 5 Section G _________ Section H ___iii____ List of Headings i A historical delicacy ii The poor may benefit iii Presentation is key to changing attitudes iv Environmentally friendly production v Tradition meets technology vi A cultural pioneer vii Western practices harm locals viii Good source of nutrients ix Growing popularity x A healthy choice xi A safety risk FOOD FOR THOUGHT A Why not eat insects? So asked British entomologist Vincent M. Holt in the title of his 1885 treatise on the benefits of what he named entomophagy – the consumption of insects (and similar creatures) as a food source. The prospect of eating dishes such as “wireworm sauce” and “slug soup” failed to garner favor amongst those in the stuffy, proper, Victorian social milieu of his time, however, and Holt’s visionary ideas were considered at best eccentric, at worst an offense to every refined palate. Anticipating such a reaction, Holt acknowledged the difficulty in unseating deep-rooted prejudices against insect cuisine, but quietly asserted his confidence that “we shall some day quite gladly cook and eat them”. B It has taken nearly 150 years but an eclectic Western-driven movement has finally mounted around the entomophagic cause. In Los Angeles and other cosmopolitan Western cities, insects have been caught up in the endless pursuit of novel and authentic delicacies. “Eating grasshoppers is a thing you do here”, bugsupplier Bricia Lopez has explained. “There’s more of a ‘cool’ factor involved.” Meanwhile, the Food and Agricultural Organization has considered a policy paper on the subject, initiated farming projects in Laos, and set down plans for a world congress on insect farming in 2013. C Eating insects is not a new phenomenon. In fact, insects and other such creatures are already eaten in 80 per cent of the world’s countries, prepared in customary dishes ranging from deep-fried tarantula in Cambodia to bowls of baby bees in China. With the specialist knowledge that Western companies and organizations can bring to the table, however, these hand-prepared delicacies have the potential to be produced on a scale large enough to lower costs and open up mass markets. A new American company, for example, is attempting to develop pressurization machines that would de-shell insects and make them available in the form of cutlets. According to the entrepreneur behind the company, Matthew Krisiloff, this will be the key to pleasing the uninitiated palate. D Insects certainly possess some key advantages over traditional Western meat sources. According to research findings from Professor Arnold van Huis, a Dutch entomologist, breeding insects results in far fewer noxious by-products. Insects produce less ammonia than pig and poultry farming, ten times less methane than livestock, and 300 times less nitrous oxide. Huis also notes that insects – being coldblooded creatures – can convert food to protein at a rate far superior to that of cows, since the latter exhaust much of their energy just keeping themselves warm. E Although insects are sometimes perceived by Westerners as unhygienic or disease-ridden, they are a reliable option in light of recent global epidemics (as Holt pointed out many years ago, insects are “decidedly more particular in their feeding than ourselves”). Because bugs are genetically distant from humans, species-hopping diseases such as swine flu or mad cow disease are much less likely to start or spread amongst grasshoppers or slugs than in poultry and cattle. Furthermore, the squalid, cramped quarters that encourage diseases to propagate among many animal populations are actually the residence of choice for insects, which thrive in such conditions. F Then, of course, there are the commercial gains. As FAO Forestry Manager Patrick Durst notes, in developing countries many rural people and traditional forest dwellers have remarkable knowledge about managing insect populations to produce food. Until now, they have only used this knowledge to meet their own subsistence needs, but Durst believes that, with the adoption of modern technology and improved promotional methods, opportunities to expand the market to new consumers will flourish. This could provide a crucial step into the global economic arena for those primarily rural, impoverished populations who have been excluded from the rise of manufacturing and large-scale agriculture. G Nevertheless, much stands in the way of the entomophagic movement. One problem is the damage that has been caused, and continues to be caused, by Western organizations prepared to kill off grasshoppers and locusts – complete food proteins – in favor of preserving the incomplete protein crops of millet, wheat, barley and maize. Entomologist Florence Dunkel has described the consequences of such interventions. While examining children’s diets as a part of her field work in Mali, Dunkel discovered that a protein deficiency syndrome called kwashiorkor was increasing in incidence. Children in the area were once protected against kwashiorkor by a diet high in grasshoppers, but these had become unsafe to eat after pesticide use in the area increased. H A further issue is the persistent fear many Westerners still have about eating insects. “The problem is the ick factor—the eyes, the wings, the legs,” Krisiloff has said. “It’s not as simple as hiding it in a bug nugget. People won’t accept it beyond the novelty. When you think of a chicken, you think of a chicken breast, not the eyes, wings, and beak.” For Marcel Dicke, the key lies in camouflaging the fact that people are eating insects at all. Insect flour is one of his propositions, as is changing the language of insect cuisine. “If you say it’s mealworms, it makes people think of ringworm”, he notes. “So stop saying ‘worm’. If we use Latin names, say it’s a Tenebrio quiche, it sounds much more fancy”. For Krisiloff, Dicke and others, keeping quiet about the gritty reality of our food is often the best approach. I It is yet to be seen if history will truly redeem Vincent Holt and his suggestion that British families should gather around their dining tables for a breakfast of “moths on toast”. It is clear, however, that entomophagy, far from being a kooky sideshow to the real business of food production, has much to offer in meeting the challenges that global societies in the 21st century will face. Complete the notes below. Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the passage for each answer. Van Huis • Insects are cleaner & do not release as many harmful gases • Insects use food intake economically in the production of protein as they waste less 6 Durst • Traditional knowledge could be combined with modern methods for mass production instead of just covering 7 • This could help 8 people gain access to world markets. Dunkel • Due to increased 9 , more children in Mali are suffering from 10 PART V: WRITING I. For each of the sentences below, write a new sentence as similar as possible in meaning to the original sentence, but using the word given. This word must not be altered in any way. 1. We are determined to get something done about traffic congestion. intent ..........................................................................................