THE DICTIONARY OF NATIONAL BIOGRAPHY
Just over one hundred years ago, the last volume of a tremendous work of reference entitled The Dictionary of National Biography rolled off the printing presses. (1).(ADMIT), this 21-volume shelf-filler may not immediately sound like the most thrilling read in the world. As entertainment, you might imagine it ranks some way below a (2).(POLITICS) autobiography. But you would be very, very wrong.
The DNB, like the Oxford English Dictionary, is one of the great monuments to British culture and also a hugely enjoyable work in its own right. It is, quite simply, an (3).(ALPHABET) dictionary of potted biographies of all the notable men and women who had lived in Britain since the year dot. It was produced between 1885 and 1900, and it remains (4).(EMPHASIS) an achievement of the Victorian period, richly redolent of 19th century confidence and (5).(CAPABLE), energy and optimism. It is also a monument to the enormous variety of the British national character, and the dictionary is immeasurably (6).(RICH) by this aspect. There are not only great statesmen, generals, writers, but also hundreds of wonderfully (7).(COLOUR) characters, who you can discover only by leafing idly through a volume of the DNB on a wet afternoon down at your local library.
The way in which the DNB was produced was very British too: on a shoestring, out of sheer dedication, and with no state (8 ) .(INTERFERE) whatsoever. It was the private endeavour of a group of (9).(ENTHUSE), scholars and freelance journalists, as (10).(OPPOSE) to, for instance, the Austrian equivalent, produced under the oppressive auspices of the imperial Academy of Vienna.
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1/ Xác định từ loại của từ cần điền dựa vào các từ xung quanh và cấu trúc câu.
Dễ dàng nhận thấy từ loại cần điền vào ở đây là adjective.
2/ Xác định nghĩa của từ cần điền dựa vào ngữ nghĩa của câu và từ cho sẵn.
Ngữ "boring essay" cộng thêm từ cho sẵn "LENGTH" làm ta nghĩ ngay đến từ "LONG".
3/ Xem lại cấu trúc và ngữ cảnh trong câu để thêm các tiền tố, hậu tố,... nếu cần thiết.
Nhận thấy dấu hiệu superlative "the ...", ta thêm hậu tố -est vào vì đây là tính từ ngắn.
Vậy đáp án là LONGEST.
Khi làm bài thi, chúng ta thường hay quên đi bước thứ 3. Và rồi mắc phải những lỗi hay gặp là lỗi hòa hợp giữa Subject và Verb, lỗi chia thì,... Đôi khi vắt óc mới nghĩ ra được chữ đó, vậy mà không đọc kĩ, quên mỗi một chữ "s" hoặc "ed" thôi là đi tong câu đó. Vì vậy bước thứ 3 khá quan trọng, nhất là đối với các kì thi đòi hỏi trình độ cao như QG. Để làm tốt dạng bài tập này các bạn cần có vốn từ vựng lớn. Để đạt được điều này, khi học một từ mới ta nên học cả family của nó. Ngoài ra cần phải có một vốn kiến thức nhất định về các gốc từ (tiền tố, hậu tố,...).
Trên đây là kinh nghiệm của mình đối với dạng bài này. Phần trình bày hơi sơ sài, mong các bạn thông cảm .
Và sau đây là phần bài tập mà mình đã tích cóp được từ các kì thi cũng như tài liệu, sách vở. Mình sẽ post mỗi đợt 10 câu, với độ khó tăng dần. Sau vài ngày mình sẽ post đáp án kèm diễn giải.
PRACTICE TEST 1
1. This company offers a lot of ........................... jobs. (ATTRACTIVE)
2. It's impossible to ........................... everybody. (PLEASANT)
3. You should not ........................... the room without knocking on the door. (ENTRANCE)
4. Your skirt is rather short, you'd better ask the dressmaker to ........................... it. (LONG)
5. The success of the show is ........................... on the weather. (DEPEND)
6. I'm sure Jack will come to help us; he's a(n) ........................... man. (DEPEND)
7. The new film is ........................... good. (EXCEPT)
8. These remote areas are still ........................... to the Internet. (ACCESS)
9. His plan is ........................... good, but it won't work in practice. (THEORY)
10. He is ........................... for his charitable activities than for his business in the steel industry. (KNOW)
PRACTICE TEST 1
1. This company offers a lot of ................. jobs. (ATTRACTIVE)
mình nghĩ dùng adj attractive kết hợp với N jobs = một công việc hấp dẫn, nghe cũng hợp lý => attractive jobs
2. It's impossible to ................. everybody. (PLEASANT)
sau be là tính từ và sau tính từ ở đây là to Vo nên v chia dạng Vo nên V là => please
3. You should not ................. the room without knocking on the door. (ENTRANCE)
entrance mình nhớ là nó là vừa là N, vừa là V => entrance
4. Your skirt is rather short, you'd better ask the dressmaker to ................. it. (LONG)
=> longer
5. The success of the show is ................. on the weather. (DEPEND)
be + adj => dependent on.....
6. I'm sure Jack will come to help us; he's a(n) ................. man. (DEPEND)
=> dùng tính từ, người đàn ông lệ thuộc => dependant
7. The new film is ................. good (EXCEPT)
=> mình dùng trạng từ exceptionally
8. These remote areas are still ................. to the Internet. (ACCESS)
=> dùng tính từ accessible
9. His plan is ................. good, but it won't work in practice. (THEORY)
=> dùng trang từ theoretically
10. He is ................. for his charitable activities than for his business in the steel industry. (KNOW)
PRACTICE TEST 2
1. I'd like to book a .................to Hong Kong. (FLY)
2. Since ................. has been so poor the class is being closed. (ATTEND)
3. We believe him because we know he is ................. (TRUTH)
4. The discovery of new drugs has ................. the treatment of many diseases. (REVOLUTION)
5. I liked the concert, but the drums ................. me. (DEAF)
6. We should reduce ................. in this area. (POOR)
7. It was another ................. attempt, they had to try again. (SUCCEED)
8. ................. might have proved that the suspect was at the scene of the crime. (FINGER)
9. Maldini is ................. in AC Milan. He's the key to their success. (REPLACE)
10. There is an international ................. between Vietnam and Myanmar this evening. (FRIEND)
PRACTICE TEST 3
THE DICTIONARY OF NATIONAL BIOGRAPHY
Just over one hundred years ago, the last volume of a tremendous work of reference entitled The Dictionary of National Biography rolled off the printing presses. (1)...................(ADMIT), this 21-volume shelf-filler may not immediately sound like the most thrilling read in the world. As entertainment, you might imagine it ranks some way below a (2)...................(POLITICS) autobiography. But you would be very, very wrong.
The DNB, like the Oxford English Dictionary, is one of the great monuments to British culture and also a hugely enjoyable work in its own right. It is, quite simply, an (3)...................(ALPHABET) dictionary of potted biographies of all the notable men and women who had lived in Britain since the year dot. It was produced between 1885 and 1900, and it remains (4)...................(EMPHASIS) an achievement of the Victorian period, richly redolent of 19th century confidence and (5)...................(CAPABLE), energy and optimism. It is also a monument to the enormous variety of the British national character, and the dictionary is immeasurably (6)...................(RICH) by this aspect. There are not only great statesmen, generals, writers, but also hundreds of wonderfully (7)...................(COLOUR) characters, who you can discover only by leafing idly through a volume of the DNB on a wet afternoon down at your local library.
The way in which the DNB was produced was very British too: on a shoestring, out of sheer dedication, and with no state (8 ) ...................(INTERFERE) whatsoever. It was the private endeavour of a group of (9)...................(ENTHUSE), scholars and freelance journalists, as (10)...................(OPPOSE) to, for instance, the Austrian equivalent, produced under the oppressive auspices of the imperial Academy of Vienna.
PRACTICE TEST 4
1. You survived the air crash. It's a ............... (MIRACULOUS)
2. No ............... details about the celebration have been given. (FAR)
3. The principal said some ............... words to the pupils before the exam. (COURAGE)
4. Her car needs ............... at the garage. (SERVICE)
5. There are some mysteries that remain .............. (SOLVE)
6. ............... may take place when you don't speak English correctly. (UNDERSTAND)
7. ............... are doing their best to save the species from dying out. (ENVIRONMENT)
8. It is education that helps with the ............... of knowledge for the young. (BROAD)
9. She has been ............... with me for an hour about the future job. (REASONABLE)
10. She got an award for her ............... intelligence. (ORDINARY)
Enjoy!
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