Đề tài Kinh nghiệm giúp học sinh lớp 8 học tốt hơn với kỹ năng đọc hiểu

ïc vuï cho vieäc giaûng daïy boä moân : boä tranh lôùp 8, maùy cassette, maùy chieáu ña naêng … - Chính quyeàn ñòa phöông vaø caùc ñoaøn theå trong vaø ngoaøi nhaø tröôøng luoân hoã trôï giaùo vieân trong quaù trình coâng taùc. - Baûn thaân giaùo vieân boä moân luoân nhaän ñöôïc söï hoã trôï töø caùc giaùo vieân cuøng toå chuyeân moân vaø caùc ñoàng nghieäp. - Ña soá caùc em hoïc sinh trong lôùp ñeàu yeâu thích hoïc Tieáng Anh vaø chuaån bò toát saùch vôû, ñoà duøng cho vieäc hoïc taäp. - Phaàn lôùn phuï huynh hoïc sinh luoân quan taâm vaø taïo ñieàu kieän ñeå con em mình hoïc taäp. 2. Khoù khaên: - Ña soá caùc em chöa coù phöông phaùp hoïc taäp thaät söï hieäu quaû. Veà phía phuï huynh, cuõng raát khoù khaên trong vieäc kieåm tra hoaëc höôùng daãn caùc em töï hoïc ôû nhaø bôûi moân ngoaïi ngöõ, khoâng phaûi phuï huynh naøo cuõng bieát. - Moät soá hoïc sinh nhaát laø caùc hoïc sinh nam thöôøng xao laõng vaø ít quan taâm ñeán vieäc hoïc taäp cuûa mình. - Moät soá hoïc sinh ít coù thôøi gian hoïc baøi ôû nhaø vì ngoaøi giôø hoïc caùc em coøn phaûi phuï giuùp cha meï möu sinh. - Caùc em ít coù ñieàu kieän ñeå giao tieáp baèng tieáng Anh vaø caùc em cuõng ngaïi giao tieáp, trao ñoåi nhau baèng tieáng Anh ngoaøi giôø hoïc. - Ña soá caùc hoïc sinh trong lôùp ñeàu coù hoaøn caûnh khoù khaên neân caùc em ít coù saùch tham khaûo ñeå naâng cao voán töø ngoaøi nhöõng töø vöïng maø saùch giaùo khoa cung caáp.  III. NOÄI DUNG VAÁN ÑEÀ : 1. Vaán ñeà ñaët ra : Ñeå phaùt huy toát tính tích cöïc chuû ñoäng saùng taïo cuûa hoïc sinh trong hoïc taäp, thì chuùng ta caàn toå chöùc quaù trình daïy hoïc theo höôùng tích cöïc hoaù hoaït ñoäng cuûa ngöôøi hoïc, trong quaù trình daïy vaø hoïc, giaùo vieân chæ laø ngöôøi truyeàn taûi kieán thöùc ñeán hoïc sinh, hoïc sinh muoán lónh hoäi toát nhöõng kieán thöùc ñoù, thì caùc em phaûi töï hoïc baèng chính caùc hoaït ñoäng cuûa mình. Ñeå daïy moät baøi ñoïc theá naøo laø toát nhaát vaø söû duïng nhöõng phöông phaùp naøo hieäu quaû nhaát, ngay töø ñaàu, giaùo vieân caàn xem xeùt caùc thuû thuaät khaùc nhau tuyø thuoäc vaøo noäi dung cuûa töøng baøi ñoïc ñeå aùp duïng cho phuø hôïp. - Giôùi thieäu baøi ñoïc thöôøng ngaén goïn, suùc tích. - Duøng tranh aûnh, duïng cuï tröïc quan ñeå giôùi thieäu töø môùi, tình huoáng baøi ñoïc. - Ñaûm baûo cho hoïc sinh naém ñöôïc caáu truùc ngöõ phaùp ñeå caùc em deã hieåu baøi hôn trong khi ñoïc. - Ñöa ra caâu hoûi gôïi môû hoaëc caâu ñoaùn tröôùc khi ñoïc ( True or False) - Ñöa ra caùc daïng baøi taäp phuø hôïp vôùi caùc böôùc : trong khi ñoïc vaø sau khi ñoïc. - Khaéc saâu trí nhôù cuûa hoïc sinh thoâng qua caùc baøi taäp thöïc haønh vaø lieân heä thöïc teá. 2. Giaûi phaùp thöïc hieän : Tröôùc heát, giaùo vieân phaûi laø ngöôøi laøm cho hoïc sinh coù nhaän thöùc ñuùng ñaén veà taàm quan troïng cuûa vieäc hoïc ngoaïi ngöõ noùi chung, cuï theå laø hoïc tieáng Anh noùi rieâng; laøm cho hoïc sinh yeâu thích, quan taâm ñeán vieäc hoïc cuûa mình hôn. Keá ñeán laø caùc baøi giaûng phaûi phuø hôïp vôùi moïi ñoái töôïng hoïc sinh; phaûi coù phöông phaùp thích hôïp gaây höùng thuù cho hoïc sinh. * Daïy kyõ naêng ñoïc phaûi aùp duïng vaøo thöïc teá : Ñoïc laø moät kyõ naêng quan troïng nhaát, caàn thieát trong vieäc daïy vaø hoïc ngoân ngöõ ôû tröôøng THCS. Trong moät tieát hoïc, hoïc sinh ñoïc ñeå laáy thoâng tin, ñeå kieåm tra laïi caùc döõ kieän, ñeå tìm ra caâu traû lôøi cho nhöõng caâu hoûi hoaëc laøm saùng toû moät soá vaán ñeà naøo ñoù …, neáu khoâng ñoïc ñöôïc thì hoïc sinh seõ khoù tieáp thu vaø ghi nhôùù nhöõng döõ kieän thoâng tin laâu daøi. Daïy ñoïc coù nghóa laø ngöôøi daïy phaûi laøm theá naøo ñeå ñöa ngöôøi hoïc nhaän ra yù nghóa vaø noäi dung cuûa thoâng tin, laøm phong phuù theâm veà kinh nghieäm soáng cuûa hoïc sinh; gaây höùng thuù ñeå vieäc ñoïc khoâng bò nhaøm chaùn. Lôøi höôùng daãn thöïc hieän caùc baøi taäp ñoïc caàn chuù yù nhaán maïnh daïy caùc kyõ thuaät ñoïc vaø thaûo luaän môû roäng ñeà taøi cuûa baøi ñoïc. * Kyõ naêng daïy ñoïc caàn keát hôïp nhieàu maët: Theo moät soá chuyeân gia nhö Colvin & Root (1981), Haverson & Haynes (1982), MeGee (1977) Thonis (1970) …… Giaùo vieân caàn phaûi chuù yù ñeán caùc yeáu toá aûnh höôûng ñeán söï thaønh coâng cuûa vieäc daïy ñoïc nhö : Khaû naêng taäp trung cuûa hoïc sinh trong thôøi gian toái thieåu. Khaû naêng ñoïc hieåu lôøi höôùng daãn. Khaû naêng ñoïc töø traùi sang phaûi vaø ñoïc töø treân xuoáng döôùi. Khaû naêng saép xeáp phaân loaïi (gioáng nhau, khaùc nhau.) Khaû naêng theo doõi moät doøng chöõ in daøi. Khaû naêng theo doõi nhöõng bieåu hieän qua cöû chæ, neùt maët, thaân mình. Khaû naêng nhaän ra yù töôûng do tranh theå hieän moät vaät thöïc naøo ñoù. Khaû naêng nhaän ra caùc kyù hieäu aâm thanh vaø hình aûnh .v.v…… Caùc khaû naêng naøy coù theå ñaït ñöôïc trong quaù trình reøn luyeän trong caùc hoaït ñoäng ñoïc maø giaùo vieân caàn truyeàn ñaït cho hoïc sinh. Tieán trình daïy kyõ naêng ñoïc : Caùc hoaït ñoäng ñeå luyeän taäp phaùt trieån kyõ naêng ñoïc hieåu thöôøng ñöôïc tieán haønh theo 3 giai ñoaïn nhö sau: Caùc hoaït ñoäng tröôùc khi ñoïc (Pre - reading activities) Caùc hoaït ñoäng trong khi ñoïc ( While - reading activities ) Caùc hoaït ñoäng sau khi ñoïc ( Post - reading activities ) 1 Caùc hoaït ñoäng tröôùc khi ñoïc: (Pre - reading activities). Giôùi thieäu baøi ñoïc : Laø moät hoaït ñoäng raát quan troïng nhaèm cung caáp cho hoïc sinh thoâng tin veà baøi ñoïc. Moät lôøi giôùi thieäu toát ñoù laø: Thöôøng raát ngaén. Gaây höùng thuù vaø laøm cho hoïc sinh muoán ñoïc baøi ñoïc hôn. Giuùp hoïc sinh lieân heä giöõa baøi ñoïc vôùi nhöõng kieán thöùc ñaõ hoïc. Nhöõng phöông phaùp giuùp giôùi thieäu moät baøi ñoïc: Söû duïng duïng cuï tröïc quan: Giaùo vieân söû duïng tranh aûnh ñeå thu huùt söï chuù yù cuûa hoïc sinh veà chuû ñieåm chính cuûa baøi ñoïc nhaèm taïo khoâng khí haøo höùng cho lôùp hoïc. Giaùo vieân coù theå baét ñaàu baøi ñoïc vôùi troø chôi “ Kim’s game” ( cho hoïc sinh quan saùt nhöõng böùc tranh trong 20 giaây, sau ñoù caùc em keå laïi coù bao nhieâu böùc tranh, … ). Hoaëc giaùo vieân coù theå hoûi caâu hoûi veà böùc tranh trong baøi ñoïc nhö : What are the people in the picture doing ? Where are they ? Sau ñoù giaùo vieân coù theå ñöa ra lôøi giôùi thieäu ngaén nhö: “The text we are going to read today about . . . .” Minh hoaï: ( English 8 – Unit 1. Getting stared – Listen & Read / page 10) Teacher aks: - What are the people in the picture doing ? Students answer: - They are playing soccer. - They are playing chess. - They are playing volleyball. - They are studying (reading).  ( English 8 – Unit 3. Getting stared – Listen & Read / page 27 ) Teacher aks: - What is she doing ? Students answer: - She is washing the dishes. - She is making the bed. - She is sweeping the floor. - She is cooking the meal. - She is tidying up. - She is feeding the chickens. Minh hoaï: ( English 8 – Unit 14 “ Wonders of the world” - Read / page 134) Giaùo vieân coù theå cho caùc em quan saùt nhöõng böùc tranh sau ñeå giôùi thieäu vôùi caùc em veà nhöõng kyø quan treân theá giôùi maø caùc em seõ hoïc trong baøi ñoïc naøy. b. Giaûi thích töø môùi: Giaûi thích töø môùi cho hoïc sinh tröôùc khi ñoïc baøi ñoïc hieåu laø caàn thieát. Ñieàu ñoù seõ laøm cho hoïc sinh thaáy tieáp caän baøi ñoïc hieåu hôn deã daøng hôn. Khoâng caàn thieát phaûi giaûng taát caû caùc töø môùùi trong baøi ñoïc. Hoïc sinh coù theå ñoaùn tieáp nhöõng töø môùi baèng caùch ñoïc tieáp baøi ñoïc. Vì ñaây laø böôùc nhaèm ñeå cung caáp töø vöïng cho caùc em hieåu nhanh, naém vöõng baøi ñoïc neân giaùo vieân khoâng ñeå maát thôøi gian cho phaàn daïy töø vöïng. Nhö theá cuõng khoâng coù nghóa laø boû qua giai ñoaïn giôùi thieäu töø vöïng maø baét buoäc phaûi cung caáp moät soá töø baèng caùc caùch sau cuõng khoâng keùm phaàn hieäu quaû : Moät soá caùch ñeå giaûi thích töø môùi. + Baèng caùch söû duïng cuï tröïc quan nhö : vaät thaät (real things), tranh aûnh (pictures), ñieäu boä (mine). + Duøng töø ñoàng nghóa hoaëc traùi nghóa( synonymn / antonymn) + Baèng caùch dòch sang tieáng Vieät (translation) c. Ñöa caùc caáu truùc ngöõ phaùp: Tröôùc khi yeâu caàu hoïc sinh ñoïc baøi ñoïc giaùo vieân neân oân laïi hoaëc giôùi thieäu caùc caáu truùc ngöõ phaùp xuaát hieän trong baøi ñoïc. Minh hoaï: ( English 8 – Unit 7. Getting stared – Listen & Read / page 64) - Example : My mother is too tired to cook tonight. - Structure : S + BE + TOO + ADJ. + V ( to infinitive) Vôùùi caáu truùc naøy maø giaùo vieân khoâng giôùi thieäu cho hoïc sinh tröôùc thì caùc em seõ hieåu nhaàm ñaây laø caâu khaúng ñònh, thöïc chaát caâu naøy mang yù nghóa phuû ñònh (… quaù … ñeán noãi khoâng theå… ) Vaäy caâu ví duï treân taïm dòch laø : “ Meï toâi quaù meät ñeán noãi khoâng theå naáu aên toái nay”. d. Cho caùc caâu hoûi höôùng daãn: Coù theå toå chöùc caùc hoaït ñoäng tröôùc khi ñoïc nhaèm höôùng söï quan taâm cuûa hoïc sinh vaøo baøi ñoïc, ñöa ra moät lyù do nhaèm khuyeán khích hoïc sinh suy nghó veà baøi ñoïc vaø ñoaùn hoï seõ ñoïc caùi gì. Toát nhaát laø neân ñöa ra 2 hoaëc 3 caâu hoûi vaø vieát leân baûng tröôùc khi ñoïc. Minh hoaï: ( English 8 – Unit 7 “My neighborhood” - Read / page 67) Giaùo vieân ñöa ra caâu hoûi gôïi yù tröôùc khi baét ñaàu baøi ñoïc (trang 67). - What happens in Nam’s neighborhood today ? - Is it very different from the present shopping area ? - What do some people ( customers, and the owners) do in the neighborhood ? e. Troø chuyeän: ( Chatting) Troø chuyeän cuõng laø moät caùch gôïi môû, giuùp cho hoïc sinh caûm thaáy thoaûi maùi vaø gaàn guõi vôùi giaùo vieân hôn, noù giuùp caùc em xoaù ñi khoaûng caùch giöõa thaày vaø troø, taïo cho caùc em caûm giaùc khoâng coøn sôï thaày coâ, xoaù ñi khoâng khí naëng neà ñaàu giôø hoïc vì caùc em raát sôï phaûi “traû baøi”. Ví duï: ( English 8, Unit 2 – Read / page 21) Ø Chatting: - Do you have a telephone at home ? - Do you often make a call ? - Who do you often call to ? - What’s the telephone used for ? 2. 2 Caùc hoaït ñoäng trong khi ñoïc: ( While - reading activities ). Caùc hoaït ñoäng luyeän taäp trong khi ñoïc laø nhöõng baøi taäp ñöôïc thöïc hieän ngay trong khi hoïc sinh ñang ñoïc baøi ñoïc, hoïc sinh coù theå ñoïc ñi ñoïc laïi (ñoïc thaàm) ñeå laøm caùc baøi taäp. Hình thöùc luyeän taäp ôû giai ñoaïn naøy laø ñeå tìm hieåu, khai thaùc noäi dung baøi khoaù vaø tuyø theo noäi dung cuûa töøng baøi seõ coù nhöõng daïng caâu hoûi vaø yeâu caàu khai thaùc khaùc nhau. Caùc baøi taäp vaø thuû thuaät phoå bieán ôû giai ñoaïn naøy thöôøng coù nhöõng daïng nhö sau: Ñoïc thaàm Giuùp hoïc sinh töï dieãn ñaït khaû naêng phaùt aâm, töï mình dieãn ñaït vaø neáu khoâng hieåu moät caâu naøo ñoù trong baøi thì coù theå ñoïc ñi ñoïc laïi. Kieåm tra möùc ñoä hieåu baøi cuûa hoïc sinh baèng caùch yeâu caàu hoïc sinh traû lôøi nhöõng caâu hoûi ñaõ cho saün treân baûng (caâu hoûi coù trong saùch giaùo khoa) Hoïc sinh coù theå laøm vieäc theo caëp, theo nhoùm ( Hoûi – Ñaùp) Minh hoaï: ( English 8 – Unit 4 “ Our past” - Read / page 42) Ø The questions ( 2 / p. 42) Who was Little Pea? What did Stout Nut’s mother make Little Pea do all day ? How did Little Pea get her new clothes ? Who did the prince decide to marry ? Is this a true story ? How do you know ? Ø Answer : ( 2 / p. 42) Little Pea was a poor farmer’s daughter. Stout Nut’s mother made Little Pea do the chores all day. Before the festival started, a fairy appeared and magically changed Little Pea’s rags into beautiful clothes. The prince decided to marry the girl who fitted the lost shoe. No, it isn’t. Because there is a fairy in the story. Kieåm tra möùc ñoä hieåu baøi cuûa hoïc sinh baèng caùch söû duïng caâu hoûi: (caâu hoûi do giaùo vieân töï soaïn ra tuyø thuoäc vaøo tình hình thöïc teá cuûa lôùp mình daïy) : Caùc caâu hoûi ñöôïc söû duïng nhö laø moät kyõ naêng trong lôùp hoïc trong vieäc daïy tieáng Anh. Coù 3 loaïi caâu hoûi thöôøng ñöôïc söû duïng: + Yes - No questions ( Caâu hoûi Yes – No) Loaïi caâu hoûi naøy raát coù ích cho vieäc kieåm tra ñoïc hieåu. Hoïc sinh thöôøng raát deã traû lôøi Ví duï: ( English 8, Unit 2 – Read / page 21) Teacher asks: - Was Alexander Graham Bell a Scotsman ? Students answer: - Yes, he was. Teacher asks: - Did he work with deaf – mutes at Boston University ? Students answer: - Yes, he did. + Alternative questions. ( Caâu hoûi choïn löïa) Ñaây cuõng laø caâu hoûi raát thöôøng ñöôïc söû duïng ñeå kieåm tra möùc ñoä hieåu baøi cuûa hoïc sinh. Ví duï: ( English 8, Unit 2 – Read / page 21) Teacher asks: - Was A. G. Bell a Scotsman or an American? Students answer: - A Scotsman. Teacher asks: - Did he invent the telephone or television? Students answer: - The telephone. + WH - questions ( Caâu hoûi coù töø hoûi) Ñaây laø loaïi caâu hoûi coù theå goïi laø laáy thoâng tin vôùi haàu heát WH – questions vaø cuõng coù theå traû lôøi ngaén goïn, bôûi luùc naøy chæ caàn kieåm tra möùc ñoä hieåu baøi cuûa hoïc sinh. Ví duï: ( English 8, Unit 2 – Read / page 21) Teacher asks: - When was A. G. Bell born? Students answer: - On March 3 rd, 1847. Teacher asks: - Where was he born? Students answer: - In Edinburgh. Teacher asks: - Who was Thomas Watson? Students answer: - Bell’s assistant. (Ñaây laø daïng caâu hoûi ñeå kieåm tra möùc ñoä hieåu baøi cuûa hoïc sinh yeáu.) Ñoái vôùi hoïc sinh khaù gioûi thì coù theå aùp dung nhöõng caâu hoûi coù caâu traû lôøi daøi. Ví duï: ( English 8, Unit 2 – Read / page 21) Teacher asks: - What did Bell do in America? Students answer: - He worked with deaf –mutes, his assistant, and invented the telephone. Teacher asks: - What led to the invention of the telephone ? Students answer: - Experimenting with ways of transmitting speech over a long distance led to the invention of the telephone. Teacher asks: - Where did Bell demonstrate his invention ? Students answer: - Traveling all over American, Bell demonstrated his invention to the public at countless exhibitions. d. Söû duïng moät soá baøi taäp ñeå phaùt trieån kó naêng ñoïc hieåu: Sau khi kieåm tra möùc ñoä ñoïc hieåu cuûa hoïc sinh baèng caùch ñaët ra caùc caâu hoûi, giaùo vieân caàn ñöa ra moät soá baøi taäp khaùc ñeå giuùp hoïc sinh luyeän taäp nhöõng gì ñaõ hoïc trong baøi ñoïc. + Guessing unfamiliar words (ñoaùn töø laï) Minh hoaï: ( English 8 – Unit 8 “ Country life and city life” - Read / page 75) Ø Find the word in the passage that means: (2 /p.75) a. of the countryside rural b. as many as needed plentiful c. become greater or larger increase d. a great pressure strain e. a terrible event tragedy f. of the city or city life urban + True or False statement exercises (Ñuùng – Sai) Minh hoaï: ( English 8 – Unit 3 “ At home” - Read / page 31) Ø True or False ? (1 / p.31) It is safe to leave medicine around the house. F Drug can look like candy. T A kitchen is a suitable place to play. F Playing with one match cannot start a fire. F Putting a knife into an electrical socket is dangerous. T Young children do not understand that many household objects are dangerous. T Ø Correct the false sentences (1 / p.31) leave medicine around the house Ø keep medicine in locked cupboards c. suitable Ø dangerous d. cannot Ø can + Multiple choice (choïn caâu traû lôøi ñuùng) Minh hoaï: ( English 8 – Unit 1 “ My friends” - Read / page 14) Ø Choose the best answer: : ( 1 / p.14) Ba talks about _______ of his friends. three ü all four none Bao’s volunteer work ________________. helps him make friends causes problems at exam time does not affect his school work ü takes up a lot of time Khai and Song _______________. like quiet places don’t talk much in public ü dislike school enjoy sports Ba’s friends sometimes __________ his jokes. answer do not listen to laugh at get tired of ü + Gap - filling exercises. ( ñieàn töø vaøo choã troáng) Minh hoaï: ( English 8 – Unit 4 “ Our past” - Read / page 42) Ø Complete the sentences with words from the story (1 / p. 42) Little Pea’s father was a farmer. Little Pea’s mother died when she was young. Little Pea used to do the housework all day after her father got married again. The prince wanted to marry a girl from Little Pea’s village. Stout Nut’s mother did not make new clothes for Little Pea. The prince found Little Pea’s lost shoe. + Matching exercises (noái) Minh hoaï: ( English 8 – Unit 16 “ Inventions” - Read / page 152) Ø Match the headings to the verses (1 /p. 152) Verse 1 a. Instrument invented by Alexander Graham Bell Verse 2 b. Appliances that cook food Verse 3 c. Appliances that clean or dry things Ø Answer : 1. b 2. c 3. a + Complete the table ( hoaøn thaønh baûng) Minh hoaï: ( English 8 – Unit 13 “ Festivals” - Read / page 126) Ø Complete the table (1 / p.126) Christmas Specials Place of origin Date The Christmas tree Riga early 1500s The Christmas card England mid - 19 th century Christmas carols No information 800 years ago Santa claus USA 1823 2. 3. Caùc hoaït ñoäng sau khi ñoïc : (Pre - reading activities). Yeâu caàu hoïc sinh nhôù laïi trình töï baøi ñoïc: Coù theå yeâu caàu hoïc sinh laøm baøi taäp. Cho caùc döõ lieäu xaùo troän vaø xaép xeáp laïi theo trình töï nhö noäi dung baøi ñoïc. ( English 8, Unit 2 – Read / page 22 ). Minh hoaï: ( English 8 – Unit 2 “ Making arrangements” - Read / page 42) Ø Put these events in the correct order : Alexander Graham Bell . . . went to live in the United States. successful demonstrated his invention. worked with Thomas Watson. was born in Scotland. went to live in Canada. invented the telephone. worked with people who could neither speak nor hear. Ø Answer: 1 - d ; 2 - e ; 3 - a ; 4 - g ; 5 - c ; 6 - f ; 7 - b Toùm taét baøi ñoïc : (Summary) Minh hoaï: ( English 8 – Unit 8 “ Country life and city life” - Read / page 75) Ø Complete the summary. Use information from the passage: People from the countryside are (1) . . . . . . . their (2) . . . . . . . . to go and live in the (3) . . . . . . . . . Farming can sometimes be a difficult life and these people from(4) . . . . . . . . areas fell the (5) . . . . . . . . offers more opportunities. However, many people coming to the city create (6) . . . . . . . . There may not be enough (7). . . . . . . . or (8) . . . . .. , while water and electricity supplies may not be adequate. This is a (9) . . . . . . . . facing governments around the (10) . . . . . . . . . Ø Answer: 1. leaving 2. home 3. city 4. rural 5. city 6. problems 7. schools 8. hospistals 9. problem 10 world Toå chöùc thaûo luaän : Ñoâi khi moät soá baøi ñoïc lieân quan ñeán thöïc teá haøng ngaøy chuùng ta neân toå chöùc cho hoïc sinh thaûo luaän. Ví duï : Trong baøi “Country life and city life” ( English 8, Unit 8 – Read / page 75 ). Giaùo vieân coù theå ñöa ra caâu hoûi ñeå thaûo luaän nhö : “ What problem may arise when so many people move to the city?” Lieân heä thöïc teá: Ñeå hoïc sinh tieáp thu baøi toát, ñoøi hoûi giaùo vieân caàn phaûi löïa choïn caùc phöông phaùp cho phuø hôïp, chuùng ta caàn choïn caùch naøo ngaén nhaát, nhanh nhaát, mang laïi hieäu quaû cao nhaát. Sau khi hoïc xong baøi ñoïc thì caùc em bieát caùch lieân heä vôùi tình huoáng thöïc teá. Minh hoaï: ( English 8 – Unit 3 “ At home” - Read / page 31) Safety Precautions in the home ( Caûnh baùo an toaøn trong nhaø) Qua baøi ñoïc, caùc em bieát ñöôïc nhöõng moái nguy haïi caàn traùnh cho treû em trong gia ñình mình vaø cho chính baûn thaân mình ñeåø traùnh nhöõng söï vieäc ñaùng tieác coù theå xaûy ra baát kyø luùc naøo neáu nhö baát caån, ñoàng thôøi coøn giaùo duïc cho caùc em tính caån thaän. e. Höôùng daãn hoïc sinh hoïc baøi ôû nhaø: Thôøi gian hoïc ôû tröôøng raát ít, cho neân ña phaàn thôøi gian coøn laïi ôû gia ñình, caùc em phaûi töï toå chöùc hoaït ñoäng hoïc taäp cuûa mình. Vì theá, ngay töø ñaàu töø naêm hoïc, giaùo vieân caàn höôùng daãn hoïc sinh xaây döïng hoaït ñoäng hoïc taäp ôû nhaø thaät hieäu quaû. Laøm ñöôïc ñieàu ñoù thì chaéc chaén hoaït ñoäng daïy vaø hoïc seõ ngaøy caøng hoaøn thieän hôn. 3. Giaùo aùn minh hoïa : Date: 08 / 9/ 2009 Unit two: (cont.) Period 10 : Lesson 4 : READ I. AIM : By the end of the lesson, students will be able to read for details to know about the person who invented a telephone, Alexander Graham Bell. II. LANGUAGE CONTENTS : 1.Grammar: Revision Past simple 2.Vocabulary : (n) : device, deaf-mute, assistart (v) : to emigrate, to transmit, to demonstrate. III.TECHNIQUES: Chatting, Matching T/F prediction Ordering, Asking and Answering Gap - filling IV.TEACHING AIDS : Picture, Sub- boards Cassette + tape V. PROCEDURE : Teacher’s and students’ activities Content T. and ss chat about the advantages of telephone. T. shows the picture of A.Gr. Bell and asks ss some qs. T. presents some new words by using a sub - board. T. checks new words by matching. T. asks ss to read some sentences about Alexander Graham Bell and guess which is True or False. Ss read and guess. Ss give their predictions. T. asks ss to open their books and listen to the tape once. T. plays the cassette. T. lets ss read the text by themselves. Ss correct their predictions. T. gives the correct answers. T. asks ss to put the events in the correct order. Ss work in groups. T. checks ss’ understanding by giving some questions and asks them to ask and answer each other in pairs. T. listens, then remarks and gives marks for the best answers. T. and a student ask and answer about A. G. Bell. Ss make question and their friends answer. T. may help them. T. listens, then remarks and gives marks for the best answers. T. sets home work and guides ss to do exercises. Ss copy. 1.Warm up : (5’) * Chatting: - Do you have a telephone at home? - Do you often make a call? - Who do you often call to? - What’s the telephone used for? 2. Pre –reading : (12’) * Questions: - Who invented the telephone? - What’s the first telephone message? * New words: - to emigrate (v) : to go to another country to live: di cö - to transmit (v) : truyeàn ñi => transmitting speech - deaf – mute (n) : neither speak nor hear - device (n): duïng cuï - assistant (n): ngöôøi phuï taù - to demonstrate (v): chöùng minh, chöùng toû * Matching: English with Vietnamese * True/False prediction : (1/p.22) 1. Alexander Graham Bell was born in the USA. 2. He worked with deaf - mute patients in a hospital in Boston. 3. Thomas Watson was Bell’s assistant. 4. Bell and Thomas Watson introduced the telephone in 1877. 5. Bell experimented with ways of transmitting speech between deaf – mutes over a long distance. 6. Bell demonstrated his invention at a lot of exhibitions. 3. While – reading : (20’) a. Correct the false statements (page ,22) * Keys: (1/ p.22) 3. T 6. T 1. F: the USA=> Edinburgh 2. F: in a hospital in Boston => at Boston University 4. F: 1877 => 1876 5. F:. . . speech between deaf - mutes over. . .=> . . . speech over a long distance. b. Put the events in the correct order : ( 2/p. 22) * Keys: 1. d 4. g 2. e 5. c 3. a 6. f 7. b c. Ask and answer the questions : (Marks) S1: - Was Alexander Graham Bell a Scotsman? S2: - Yes, he was. S1: - Did he work with deaf - mutes at Boston University ? S2: - Yes, he did. S3 : - What did Bell do in America? S4: - He worked with deaf –mutes, his assistant, and invented the telephone. S3 : - What led to the invention of the telephone ? S4 : - Experimenting with ways of transmitting speech over a long distance led to the invention of the telephone. S3: - Where did Bell demonstrate his invention? S4: - Traveling all over American, Bell demonstrated his invention to the public at countless exhibitions. 3. Post – reading : (5’) (Marks) * Fill the form of the telephone inventor: Example: - What’s his full name? - He’s Alexander Graham Bell. The telephone inventor Full name:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Date of birth:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Place of birth:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nationality :. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Assistant:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inventions:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Year of dead:. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. Homework : (3’) - Read the text again. - Write 6 sentences about Alexander Graham Bell. - Do exercise : 5/ p. 18 - Prepare: Lesson 5 : WRITE Comments : Öu : Hoïc sinh yeáu coù theå traû lôøi ñöôïc nhöõng caâu traû lôøi ngaén (Yes – No questions) Hoïc sinh khaù – gioûi traû lôøi ñöôïc nhöõng caâu daøi