Professional Vietnamese journalists’ contemporary qualities - Approaching from the perspective of Ho Chi Minh

stic profession, as well as 8 realizing it to contribute to optimizing the current capacity of Vietnamese journalists, as well as in the future. 3.2. Objectives of research In order to achieve the above objectives, the thesis focuses on the following main tasks: • Provide an overview of domestic and foreign research projects related to the research problem of the topic, on the basis of finding out the "gaps" that need to continue research in relation to the objectives and tasks of the thesis judgment; • Systematize relevant theoretical issues, Marxist, Angeren and Leninist views on research issues - the professional qualities of journalists; • Develop a theoretical framework for journalists' professional qualities of journalists from the perspective of Ho Chi Minh (HCM). This is considered the most important task of this project. • Conduct actual survey of awareness, attitudes and behaviors of Vietnamese journalists on the basis of ideological viewpoint of HCM on the professional qualities of journalists; which is acceptable and unacceptable. • Propose the current model of professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists’ development under Ho Chi Minh's ideology in the context of new media environment, new circumstances and conditions of the national development process in globalization and international integration; • Propose conditions and solutions to ensure the realization of this model; make scientific recommendations to improve and realize the current model of the professional qualities of journalists in Vietnam according to HCM ideology; • The thesis also proposes the following feasible research directions on the professional qualities of journalists in Vietnam. 4. Subjects and scope of research 4.1. The subject of research The subject of research is the issue of professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists with an approach from the point of view of Ho Chi Minh. 4.2. Scope and survey respondents * Research scope of the topic Content: From the Party's point of view, "Ho Chi Minh's thought is a comprehensive and profound system of views on the fundamental issues of the Vietnamese revolution", so the topic is only limited to important research. basic 9 points in Ho Chi Minh's thought about journalist qualities; on the basis of surveying the status of Vietnamese journalists' qualities; based on the basic views in Ho Chi Minh's thought that proposed models and conditions to completely build and perfect the model of professional Vietnamese journalists' contemporary qualities. Time: The time restriction is set from 2001 to present because this is the time of the 9th Congress (April 2001, when our Party gave a full definition of Ho Chi Minh’s ideology and issued Directive 23 (3/2003) on "Promoting, researching, propagating and educating about Ho Chi Minh’s Thought"; The X and the XI legislatures had both Directives (06 and 03) on "Organizing the Campaign" to study and follow Ho Chi Minh's moral example. The issue of professional quality of journalists in the socialist-oriented market economy has become a deeply social concern, attracting more attention from the society. The subjects of the survey: - The first group, surveys on Ho Chi Minh's works to systemize his views and ideas on the professional qualities of journalists. This group of subjects is Ho Chi Minh Collection (mainly 15 volumes, the National Political Publishing House, 2011); monographs, research topics, scientific articles published in the past 10 years. - The second group, surveys on perceptions, attitudes and behaviors of Vietnamese journalists on the professional qualities of journalists following Ho Chi Minh's ideology, to describe the realistic picture of the professional qualities of journalists in Vietnam today. 5. Theoretical background and research methodology 5.1. Theoretical background The thesis is studied based on the theoretical basis: Firstly, foreign views and theories about journalism and state prevention and control. This issue is mainly shown in the research overview of the thesis. Secondly, the viewpoint of Marxist-Lenin about the professional qualities of journalists, from the viewpoint, concept, concept, structure, criteria system to the influencing factors. Thirdly, the views of Ho Chi Minh thought on journalism and state prevention and control; Next is the views of the Communist Party of Vietnam on press and the professional qualities of journalists. 10 Fourth, a number of specialized journalism-media theory, in which the notions of its active subject - the journalist. These theories can be approached in a number of Vietnamese journalistic works published in the past ten years 1 . To carry out the research tasks appropriate for time and situation above in order to achieve the research objectives of the thesis suitable to specific condition and issue, we use the following research methodology: - Method of document research, which may be called as theoretical research, used to study research related to the professional qualities of journalists and to systematize theoretical issues and designate theoretical framework for the issue of journalistic qualities in the view of Ho Chi Minh’s ideology. - Methods of collecting quantitative information, including: + Interview and Questionnaire Anket method: This is the main method of the thesis. It is used for questionnaire survey with 400 journalists on the professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists nowadays to support and clarify the conclusion. The results obtained in the in-depth interview method serve as a practical basis for the research. This method seeks to understand the real picture of the journalists' awareness, attitude and behavior following the professional qualities of journalists. Regarding the questionnaires, we base on the selected sample, based on actual conditions and current press appearance. - Statistical classification method: It is used for statistics and classification of violation cases in the professional qualities of journalists in the surveyed time and places. To conduct this method, we base on document of press management organization (Breau of Journalism, Ministry of Information and Communication) together with reviewing on some related resource, especially “Journalist & Public discussion” Newspaper. - Methods of collecting qualitative information, including: - The in-depth interview method was used to interview 17 journalists working in different newspapers. In-depth interviews were conducted in a group of news agencies that selected the survey anket, including job positions in the press agency - from the Editorial Board, professional departments and departments; At the same time, the author also interviewed the authorities in the leadership and press management apparatus to refer to the perspective on research issues - 1 Press facility theory; Ta Ngoc Tan Chief editor; Publisher of Culture and Communication; H. 1992; Press theoretical basis; Nguyen Van Dung; Information and Communication Publishing House; H. 2018 (reprinted). Media theory base - Communication; Many authors; Publishing House of VNU; H. 2005; Press theoretical basis; Nguyen Van Ha; National University of HCM City Publishing House; 2011; Press theoretical basis - General characteristics and style; Ha Minh Duc; Publishing House of VNU; H.2006; Press monitoring and social criticism in Vietnam; Nguyen Van Dung Chief editor; Publishing House of VNU; H. 2017; ... 11 the professional qualities of journalists approach from the perspective of Ho Chi Minh thought. + Group discussion method, mainly implemented in the journalism students' classes in two training institutions, Hanoi Academy of Journalism and Communication, Hanoi University of Social Sciences and Humanities; mainly learn about the awareness and attitudes of future young reporters on the access to the professional qualities of journalists from the perspective of Ho Chi Minh thought. Each of our training institutions organizes two group discussions in classes; Each class thus divided into 4 groups discussing the topic yet. + Regarding the method of selecting survey samples, researcher uses the systematic random sample principle - convenient. That is, based on the classification of press lines, the status of press agencies are distributed across the country, researcher randomly selects, which is convenient for that system to collect quantitative and qualitative information (mainly questionnaire delivery and in-depth interviews) In addition, to a certain extent, we use other methods such as observation (combined in the interview process, identifying behaviors of the target group, testing the information integrity, further illustrating the process of conducting research); systematization (systematizing the concepts related to the topic), fieldwork (survey, field work to press agencies and subjects using the press to understand the concept of journalistic ethics), research into history (study of the history of professional qualities of journalists), comparison (comparison of opinions on professional qualities of journalists, comparison of professional ethics of journalists); Analysis, synthesis (used to analyze, evaluate, synthesize the results obtained). 6. New contributions to the science of the thesis The thesis has the following contributions: • Study the background of journalistic qualities following Ho Chi Minh’s thought and use it to understand the current situation of professional journalists in Vietnam. This study will not look new at first, but reassembling the research results under the theoretical model will give us new results. Perhaps it may be a new way of making, both inheriting meaning and summarizing the theoretical and practical issues that form the theoretical framework for the seemingly familiar problem. • Propose a system of feasible solutions and recommendations to improve the professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists, especially the current model of Vietnamese journalists. Provide a guideline for the criteria, build a program for raising the professional qualities of journalists of a number of press agencies nowadays. 12 7. Scientific and practical significance of the thesis 7.1. Scientific significance The thesis is the first scientific study to basically and comprehensively study the status quo of Vietnamese journalists - with an approach from the point of view of Ho Chi Minh. Therefore, the thesis contributes to the basis of Vietnamese journalistic theory in general and the theory of professional qualities of journalists in particular, as well as build up the scientific basement for policies, legal of contemporary press development. 7.2. Practical significance • Firstly, the findings of the dissertation can help journalists, policymakers, and managers to provide a realistic basis for building and improving the professional qualities of journalists. in Vietnam. ● Secondly, these research results give journalists a comprehensive and deeper look at their practices, roles and ways of enhancing their professional qualities in the present. ● Thirdly, the thesis is a helpful reference for journalists to learn and follow Ho Chi Minh's moral example, contributing to the development of contemporary Vietnamese press. • Fourthly, the research results of the thesis can be used as a source for teaching, researching journalism in general and professional journalist qualities in particular for researchers and teachers, educators and learners, especially in the undergraduate and postgraduate levels, contributing to improving the quality of training of Vietnamese journalists today. 8. The structure of the thesis In addition to the Introduction, Research Overview, Conclusion, List of works of the author, List of references and Annex, the thesis is structured in 5 chapters: Chapter 1. Overview of thesis subject Chapter 2. Scientific-practical basis of the issue of the professional qualities of journalists in view of Ho Chi Minh's thought. Chapter 3. Basic views in Ho Chi Minh's thought about Vietnamese journalists’ professional qualities. Chapter 4: Current status of professional quality of today’s Vietnamese journalists. 13 Chapter 5: Complete model of current Vietnamese journalists’ professional quality model according to Ho Chi Minh thought. Chapter 1: Research Overview In an overview of the works related to the subject matter of the research, we found that the articles are focused on three main trends, including the direction of research on the professional qualities of journalists; research on the professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists in particular; research on Ho Chi Minh’s thought about the professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists and solutions to improve the professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists. 1.1. Research on thesis subject 11.1 Research on the professional qualities of journalist 1.1.1.1 Research on the history of the professional qualities of journalists The research works in this direction are focused on the cause, the time when the journalistic ethical code was created. 1.1.1.2. Research on the role of the professional qualities of journalists When investigating the role of professional qualities of journalists, at different levels of intensity, the researchers asserted that professional qualities play an important and even determining role in the success of the journalism. The main reasons given for this explanation are that professional qualities lay a good foundation for the successful journalism, closely linked to professional competence; a new context in which only journalists of good professional qualities can meet its requirement. 1.1.1.3. Research on the professional qualities journalists need The professional qualities of journalists are reflected in legal documents in line with the professional codes and standards of journalists in the world and in Vietnam. Articles, research papers on the qualities required for journalists, are derived from the author's point of view, based on documents that regulate the professional qualities of journalists. Common points in some of the most general professional qualities of journalists should be honesty, objectivity, bravery, loyalty to the country, love for the job, eagerness to learn .... 1.1.1.4. Research on the professional qualities of journalists’ relations with stakeholders The professional qualities of journalists are also reflected in their relationships with stakeholders such as readers, editors, etc. The research works on this issue 14 may stem from the systemic approach, which goes from the whole relationship to each relationship component or from a case study approach that delves into some specific relationships of journalists. 1.1.2. Research on the professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists 1.1.2.1. Legal documents on the professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists The provisions on the professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists are concretized in documents such as the Press Law, ethical codes. 1.1.2.2. Professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists through the example of journalists The works referred to the example of Vietnamese journalists emphasize two main aspects: professional competence and professional qualities. In particular, professional qualities are always important. The names mentioned are all prime examples of journalists in the eyes of international friends and in Vietnam. 1.1.2.3. Characteristic professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists Research on the characteristic professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists, the authors approach from two main perspectives: the overall approach and the typical approach. 1.1.3. Research on Ho Chi Minh’s thought about the professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists and solutions to improve the professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists 1.1.3.1. Research on Ho Chi Minh’s thought about the professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists Ho Chi Minh's ideology, along with Marxism-Leninism, is the foundation of thought and a guideline for the action of the Communist Party of Vietnam and the revolutionary cause of the Vietnamese people. President Ho Chi Minh emphasized that when it came to the press, we must first discuss about journalists and their professional qualities. 1.1.3.2. Research on solutions to improve the professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists - Systematic generalization the theoretical and practical quality of journalists. These are the perspectives of Marxism-Lenin, Communist Party of Vietnam and the State of Vietnam for journalists, about the professional qualities of journalists in Vietnam; 15 -Survey of the situation, point out the strengths, advantages, limitations, defects in the model and practical qualities of the Vietnam's contemporary journalists team, the cause and the status. - On the basis of accessing Ho Chi Minh thought about the professional qualities of journalists; Pursuant to the new context of the international situation, domestic, environmental and new conditions of press activities to propose model and conditions of build up, perfect model of professional qualities of journalists Vietnam in the new situation * Summary Thus, through the overview of the works in and outside the country, we realize that the issue of professional ethics in journalism receives a lot of attention of domestic and foreign research. In the first direction, although there is no research on the system of professional qualities of journalists, the authors have provided useful resources so that we can study about basic theoretical issues on the professional qualities of journalists. The second trend is the helpful suggestions for us to carry out research on the current situation of professional journalism in Vietnam. The third trend supports us in the process of proposing solutions to improve the professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists. However, in all three of these trends, the works are only focused on one or some certain aspects of content, sometimes ending with brief generalizations that are not systematic about reality, solutions for Vietnamese journalists in the period of industrialization and modernization with the current trend of integration and globalization. In particular, we have also found that there is not yet a complete research and systematic work on the application of Ho Chi Minh’s ideology to understand the current situation of Vietnamese journalism. Thus, we define the work that needs to be continue to research the professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists is the study of professional qualities of Vietnamese journalists currently approaching from the perspective of Ho Chi Minh. Starting from Ho Chi Minh's founded view on the professional qualities of journalists, we investigate the current situation of professional ethics of Vietnamese journalists, pointing out success stories, limitations, weaknesses and analyze the reason for this situation to propose a system of solutions to improve the professional ethics of today’s Vietnamese journalists. From that point of view, we can state that: This research direction does not coincide with any published scientific works. Chapter2. Scientific-practical basis of the issue of the professional qualities of journalists in view of Ho Chi Minh's thought. 2.1. Basic concepts used in the thesis 16 2.1.1. Quality and career Accordingly, qualities (ethics) include: "social" (ethical) qualities, politics, worldview, beliefs, ideals and views, political attitudes, labor attitudes ... especially the social value; "personal" or ethical qualities, personality characteristics (temperament, ...); personal will qualities: purpose, decisiveness, perseverance, endurance ...; behaviors or manners ... ” Occupation is a concept often mentioned in the life of social life. The concept of career is quite diverse with different social contexts In the Dictionary explaining linguistic terms, career concepts mean words and expressions specific to the language of groups of people from the same profession or the same field. 2.1.2. Journalism and journalists In this thesis, we view journalists as people engaged in journalistic activity (investigating, collecting, presenting information as a story or news) and working in the media (from newspapers, magazines, radio, television and the internet). Journalists include reporters, editors, office clerks, editors, deputy editors; they work in press agencies such as news agencies, press and radio stations and television stations in the central and local areas. 2.1.3. Professional qualities of the press This concept has been mentioned by researchers in country and abroad. Referring to domestic and foreign definitions, based on the research objectives of the thesis, we perceive the professional qualities of journalists as the journalist's perceptions, attitudes and behaviors. expressed in the course of their work. 2.2. Theoretical and legal basis of building up professional qualities of journalists 2.2.1. Marxist-Leninist theoretical basis on the professional qualities of the journalists 2.2.1.1. Political qualities of journalists 2.2.1.2. Ethical qualities 2.2.1.3. Professional qualities 2.2.1.4. The knowledge, practical experience of journalists 2.2.2. The views of the Communist Party of Vietnam on journalism and the professional quality of journalists 2.2.2.1. Viewpoint of the Communist Party of Vietnam 17 2.2.2.2. State law and regulations of Vietnam Journalists Association 2.3. PRACTICAL BASIS ON CONSTRUCTION OF PROFESSIONAL QUALITY OF JOURNALISTS 2.3.1. Impacts of objective application on current newspapers and journalists 2.3.2. Current situation of newspapers and journalists in Vietnam Chapter 3. Basic views in Ho Chi Minh's thought about Vietnamese journalists’ professional qualities. 3.1. HO CHI MINH'S VIEWPOINT ON THE ROLE OF REVOLUTIONARY JOURNALISTS 3.1.1. The journalist is an ambusher, pioneering on the Party's ideological front 3.1.2. Journalists are culturalist for the people, serving the people 3.1.3. Journalists are pioneering soldiers in the example of good people, good deeds and fighting against negative, anti-enemy types 3.2. HO CHI MINH'S VIEWPOINTS ON THE PROFESSIONAL QUALITY OF JOURNALISTS 3.2.1. Political and ideological qualities Ho Chi Minh concretized the political qualities of a journalist by identifying the mission of the press is to serve the people, to propagate and explain the Government and Party's opinion and policies. Journalists must have a fighting spirit; clearly define the Party's strategic lines; must try to study politics, raise ideas, stand firm on the political position of the proletariat class 3.2.2. Moral qualities, the lifestyle of journalists Ho Chi Minh stated common moral standards that are common to all classes of people, including revolutionary journalists: "Loyal to the Party"; "Loyal to the country, hospitable to people"; "In need, Economy, Transparency, Integrity"; "Knowing to win individualism, selfishness"; "Knowing to put national and collective interests above personal interests"; "Humble, honest, brave"; "Solidarity and charity". 3.2.3. Expertise qualities, cultural knowledge and living experience of journalists 18 The professional quality of journalists is reflected in the sensitivity of discovery, the thinking of analyzing issues with topical issues, and the ability to write that thinking independently. Spirit's acumen is directly proportional to the wisdom of the mind. Journalists must write honestly because truth is power, belief. In particular, journalists need to practice professional writing skills. They need to be in fast style, respect the truth, accurate and careful on form and content writing. CHAPTER 4: THE CURRENT SITUATION OF PROFESSTIONAL QUALITY OF VIETNAMESE JOURNALIST NOWADAYS 4.1. APPROACHING METHODOLOGY TO SURVEY THE CURRENT SITUATION OF PROFESSTIONAL QUALITY OF VIETNAMESE JOURNALIST NOWADAYS 4.1.1. Approaching method 4.1.1.1. Systematic theory method 4.1.1.2. Press functional method 4.1.2. Survey method 4.2. RESULTS OF SURVEY AND PRCTICAL RESEARCH 4.2.1. Political and ideological qualities The survey results indicate that there is no perfect consistency between the journalist's awareness, a