Tóm tắt Luận án Attract capital investment development marine islands economic southern Vietnam

he marine island economic southern Vietnam. 1.4. RESEARCH QUESTION - What is the efficiency of the capital investment develop the marine island economic of southern Vietnam today? 3 - What factors of the investment environment affect the attraction of capital investment develop the marine island economic? - What measures are needed to attract capital investment develop the the marine island economic of southern Vietnam? 1.5. OBJECT AND SCOPE OF THE RESEARCH Research subjects: Capital investment develop the marine island economic. Research scope: - Scope of research content: Attract capital investment developing the marine island economic southern Vietnam. Specifically on 2 degrees: (i) Investment efficiency in development the marine island economic and (ii) The impact of factors of investment environment to attract capital investment develop the marine island economic. Scope of research space: The southern provinces of Vietnam are adjacent to the coast, including: Ba Ria – Vung Tau, Ho Chi Minh, Tien Giang, Ben Tre, Tra Vinh, Soc Trang, Bac Lieu, Ca Mau, Kien Giang. Research time range: Secondary data: Period 2010 to 2018. Primary data: Period: 2017 to 2018. 1.6. RESEARCH METHODS Methods of general analysis and system analysis; Survey survey method; Statistical methods; Comparative method; Methods of analyzing the indicators; Professional solution. 1.7. PRACTICAL THINGS OF RESEARCH - From the analysis of the current situation of capital investment development the marine island economic southern 4 Vietnam, the capital investment development the marine island economic are mainly from the state budget. - From the analysis of the current situation of capital investment development the marine island economic southern Vietnam, the capital investment development the marine island economic are mainly from the state budget. - Investment in the development of the marine island economic southern Vietnam is unsustainable. - The efficiency of using capital investment development the marine island economic of southern Vietnam is not high. - Through the actual survey results of 600 concern investing development marine island economic southern Vietnam. Attract capital here is influenced by factors of investment environment such as: Group of policy elements; Economic factors group; Group of institutional factors. The impact level is expressed through linear regression function as follows: Attract capital = -0,124 + 0.386 * Policy + 0.312 * Market + 0.185 * Efficiency + 0.101 * Institution + 0.049 * Resources. - The dissertation has proposed solutions to attract capital investment development marine island economic southern Vietnam, such as: improving the investment environment, enhancing the application of science and technology in investment management, attaching importance to efficiency in using capital investment. 5 CHAPTER 2 RATIONALE FOR ATTRACT CAPITAL INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT MARINE ISLAND ECONOMIC 2.1. OVERVIEW OF MARINE ISLAND ECONOMIC 2.1.1. Concept of marine island economic Resolution of the Eighth Conference the Central Executive Committee the XII Course on Strategy for Sustainable Development Marine Economy Vietnam to 2030, vision to 2045 (Resolution number 36) Development marine economic sectors, including development marine economic sectors in order of priority: (1) Marine tourism and services; (2) Marine economic; (3) Mining oil and gas and other marine mineral resources; (4) Aquaculture and fishing; (5) Coastal industry; (6) Renewable energy and new marine industries. 2.1.2. Marine island economic features Marine island economic is greatly affected by the harsh marine environment; Investment developing marine island economic requires a huge amount of investment capital; Investment execution time is relatively long; Investing development the marine island economic creates works of long-term use and of great value; Investing development marine island economic, changing the ecological and social environment; The marine island economic must ensure a balance in the overall economic of the whole country, in relation to regions 6 and in the integration trend with the regional and world economies; Develop marine island economic to strengthen the nation's strength, protect the independence and sovereignty and the whole territory of the country. 2.1.3. The sectors marine island economic (1) Marine tourism and services; (2) Marine economy; (3) Mining oil and gas and other marine mineral resources; (4) Aquaculture and fishing; (5) Coastal industry; (6) Renewable energy and new marine industries. 2.1.4. The role marine island economic Contribute development of the field marine Transportation; Contribute to economic, political - social stability; Ensuring national defense - security. 2.2. CAPITAL INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT THE MARINE ISLAND ECONOMIC 2.2.1. Concept capital investment development the marine island economic Capital investment development the marine island economic are tangible capital (cash, assets, natural resources and human resources) and intangible capital (inventions, invent, trademarks and land location advantages belt, water surface ...) used directly or indirectly development the marine island economic. 2.2.2. Features capital investment development the marine island economic - Capital investment development the marine island economic is greatly affected by risks from the marine environment. 7 - Capital is sensitive to interest rates and return on investment; especially for capital raised from the private sector. - Investing development marine island economic, besides economic development, must go hand in hand with ensuring national security and defense. 2.2.3. Types of capital investment development the marine island economic  Capital from the state budget.  The State's development investment credit capital.  Capital from credit institutions.  Capital from state-owned enterprises  Private capital  Official development assistance (ODA)  Foreign direct investment (FDI)  Credit capital from international financial institutions.  Capital from international financial markets. 2.3. ATTRACT CAPITAL INVESTMENT EVELOPMENT THE MARINE ISLAND ECONOMIC 2.3.1. Viewpoints attract capital investment develop the marine island economic Attract capital investment develop the marine island economic is the application of measures and policies for investors to bring money to invest in various forms suitable to the common interests of the investors and receiving country / locality. 2.3.2. Conditions to attract capital investment develop the marine island economic 8  Create and maintain the capacity for fast and sustainable growth of the economic.  For all capital investment, the efficiency factor must be identified as the quality requirement of long-term capital.  Projects using loan capital must clearly define the debt repayment responsibility and must not add to the debt burden of being unable to pay debts.  In order to enhance the efficiency of the economic, it is necessary to create an equal environment for investment activities for all capital.  Ensuring the stability of development macroeconomic environment. 2.3.3. Requirements for attract capital investment develop the marine island economic  Attracting capital investment development must be in line with socio-economic development plannings and plans, ensuring social order and safety and sustainable environment development of the province / city.  Paying attention to attracting capital investment development, including domestic and foreign capital.  In addition to ensuring to attract capital, attention should be paid to the structure of capital investment development by sector and by region and locality (province / city) in a reasonable manner. 2.3.4. Efficiency of investment develope marine island economic 9 2.3.4.1. Efficiency of investment develope marine island economic from the perspective of sustainable development The thesis analyzes sustainable development based on 3 main pillars: Economically; Socially; environmentally. 2.3.4.2. Indicators for evaluating the efficiency of investment develope the marine island economic from the perspective of sustainable development: Growth targets and quality of growth of the marine island economic: The growth rate in a certain period of time; VA value added. Criteria for assessing exploitation of natural resources and environmental pollution: Pollution level or level of environmental improvement through the development of marine island economic; The level of exploitation of natural resources. Criteria for evaluation of social responsibility performance: Number and proportion of enterprises applying measures to improve the environment and working conditions. Efficient use capital investment develope the marine island economic: The effectiveness of investment developing the marine island economic is considered from both the investor's perspective (micro perspective) and the State's perspective (macro perspective). The thesis goes into a study to evaluate the efficiency of capital investment development marine island economic in a macro perspective. Criteria for evaluating the efficiency of using capital investment development the marine island economic at the 10 macroscopic basis (from the State perspective): Investment rate of 1 km of the port (S1); The proportion of capital invested becomes assets; Exploitation coefficient; Create jobs and increase labor productivity; Contribution to economic growth (Increasing contribution to the state budget; Contribution of development the marine island economic to GDP growth) CHAPTER 3 CURRENT SITUATION OF ATTRACT CAPITAL INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT THE MARINE ISLAND ECONOMIC SOUTHERN VIETNAM 3.1. OVERVIEW OF THE MARINE ISLAND ECONOMIC OF SOUTHERN VIETNAM Location of marine island South Vietnam. Marine island economic southern Vietnam 3.2. CURRENT SITUATION OF ATTRACT CAPITAL INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT THE MARINE ISLAND ECONOMIC OF SOUTHERN VIETNAM 3.2.1. Situation of capital for development investment the marine island economic southern Vietnam 3.2.1.1. Capital from the state budget Data from the Department of Planning and Investment of the provinces adjacent to the southern coastal area show that the amount of capital investment from the state budget in the period 2010-2018 will develop in the marine island economic southern Vietnam. In 2010, it was VND 15,000 billion and 2018 is VND 22,000 billion. 11 3.2.1.2. Capital from foreign investment In the period of 2010-2018, Vietnam has been assessed by many foreign organizations and investors as having an improved and stable business investment environment, creating a firm belief for investors. Therefore, during this period, the FDI capital continuously increased from USD 3200 million to USD 7390 million. 3.2.1.3. Private capital In the period of 2010 - 2018, the total private capital in the oil and gas industry accounted for the largest proportion and ranked second is the seaport industry, followed by fisheries in the period 2010 - 2018. 3.2.1.4. Capital from the State's investment development credit In the 2010-2018 period, the total capital from the state's investment development credit tends to increase, in 2010 the total capital is 700 billion VND till 2018 reaching 1,940 billion VND. The major capital for investment in building marine transport infrastructure accounts for the highest proportion, followed by aquaculture. 3.2.1.5. Capital from credit institutions In the period of 2010-2018, the amount of capital investment develope the marine island economic from credit institutions has not increased significantly (reaching VND 500 billion in 2010 and VND 1,000 billion in 2018) due to the business activities of banks. In recent years, the bank has not expanded its lending to develop marine island economic in general in southern Vietnam. 12 3.2.2. Efficiency of investment development the marine island southern economic 3.2.2.1. Efficiency of investment development the marine island economic southern Vietnam from the perspective of sustainable development  Growth targets and quality of growth of the island economic: - Growth rate in a certain period: In the period of 2010-2013 GDP tends to increase significantly, the average GDP growth rate in this period is 8.35%, the contribution of GDP from the marine island economic. GDP of each province increased during this period. In the period of 2014-2018, the average GDP growth rate will be 22.6%. - VA value added: In the period of 2010 - 2018, the average value added of VA is VND 9,799, VND 67 billion, the lowest is in 2010 with VND 2780 billion, the highest is in 2018 with VND 24,499 billion. In general, VA during the period of 2010 - 2018 tends to increase.  Criteria for assessing exploitation of natural resources and environmental pollution: in the period of 2010-2018, the southern coastal provinces with violating enterprises causing marine environmental pollution in this period tend to increase. In 2010, there were 181 enterprises and 454 enterprises in 2018.  Criteria for evaluating the implementation of social responsibility: Enterprises investing development the marine island economy, 100% of enterprises have labor agreements, labor regulations, payroll scale and participation. social 13 insurance. This shows that businesses have implemented social responsibility according to the criteria of the Department of Labor - Invalids and Social Affairs. 3.2.2.2. Efficiency of using capital investment developing marine island economic southern Vietnam on a macroscopic basis  Investment rate 1 km of the harbor (S1) If the investment rate of 1km of a port is according to the current price, the investment rate of the period of 2010 - 2018 is higher than that of the period 2005-2009, about 2.7% higher. However, when calculating the capital investment at the constant price in 2005 to eliminate the price fluctuation factor, the investment rate of the period of 2010 - 2018 is smaller than that of the period 2005 - 2009. Investment in the period of 2010 - 2018 is economical and effective more fruit.  The ratio of realized capital investment to assets The ratio of investment capital to assets of seaport projects was high in the period of 2010 - 2018, in which investing more equipment in Saigon port reached 98.4; Investment in additional equipment in Vung Tau port reached 99.3; The channel dredging project reaches 98.4; Some project items of upgrading and developing port of grade I reached 97.3; Project on construction and upgrading of grade-I ports is 99.1; Project to build and upgrade grade-II ports reaches 98.3.  Operating factor In the period of 2010 - 2018, the seaports in the country, after being completed and put into use, have attracted the throughput of 73% - 95.4% of the designed capacity. Thus, the 14 ports have shown relatively good effects and invested in the right direction.  Creating jobs and increasing labor productivity - Job creation: The rate of labor increased to investment activities to develop the southern island economy in the period of 2010-2018 from 3.2% - 12.6%. - Increasing labor productivity: The growth of investment capital and investment structure has greatly affected the productivity of laborers working in the marine islands southern Vietnam. The modernization of equipment, informatics applications in management of marine island exploitation, labor productivity increased in the period of 2010 - 2018.  Contribution to economic growth - Contribution to the state budget: In the period of 2010-2018, the contribution to the state budget decreased from the investment development the marine island economic southern Vietnam, reaching VND 27.5 billion in 2010 but VND 20.1 billion in 2018. - Contribution of investment development marine island to GDP growth: In the period of 2010-2015, the average GDP growth rate of Vietnam economy is 5.87% / year, investment in development of coastal marine island economic. South Vietnam generates an estimated GDP growth rate of 0.0377% annually, the remaining 5.8323% (5.87% - 0.0377% = 5.8323%) is due to investment from other industries, due to labor factors and TFP factors (technology, policy mechanism) 15 3.2. ASSESSMENT OF THE SITUATION OF ATTRACT CAPITAL INVESTMENT DEVELOPING MARINE ISLAND ECONOMIC THE SOUTH VIETNAM 3.2.1. These achievements 3.2.1.1. Capital investment development marine island economic Period 2010 – 2018 Capital investment development marine island economic from the state budget is stable. Private capital is constantly increasing. Capital from the state's economic investment development credit tends to increase and is mainly invested in building marine transport infrastructure. 3.2.1.2. Efficiency of investment developing marine island economic Period 2010 - 2018. Growth targets and growth quality of the marine island economic southern Vietnam tend to be stable, the rate of marine-island economic GDP tends to increase. The ratio of VA / GO tends to increase and is stable, the marine island economic has advantages to ensure sustainable development. In the period of 2010 - 2018. The efficiency of using capital investment development for economic has achieved certain results such as: The investment rate of 1 km of the coast has increased; The rate of capital investment becomes high assets, most of the capital investment put into seaport projects has been recognized by the auditing agencies as legal and reasonable. 16 3.2.2. Limitations and reasons 3.2.2.1. Regarding capital investment development marine island economic State budget capital still plays a key role in infrastructure investment, capital private sector has not been effectively exploited; still imbalance between mobilized capital and medium and long-term investment plans; the growth rate of investment capital is still slow, mobilized capital has not met the demand for investment and development of economic infrastructure system on marine islands. 3.2.2.2. Regarding the efficiency of investment developing marine island economic The effectiveness of investment developing the marine island economic southern Vietnam is unsustainable in 3 aspects: Economic - Social - Environment. In the period of 2010 - 2018, the efficiency of using capital investment developing the marine island economic is not high. 17 CHAPTER 4 ANALYSIS IMPACTS OF THE INVESTMENT ENVIRONMENT TO ATTRACT CAPITAL INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT MARINE ISLAND ECONOMIC SOUTHERN VIETNAM 4.1. OVERVIEW RESEARCH From the perspective of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), the groups factors of the national investment environment affecting investment attraction include three groups of factors: the group of factors: policy framework, economic factor groups and factor groups related to institutional quality. 4.2. THEORETICAL AND RESEARCH MODEL 4.2.1. Theoretical  Theoretical 1: Attracting capital investment develop the marine island economic southern Vietnam is related to the policy framework elements (in the tendency to create a more favorable investment environment).  Theoretical 2: Attracting capital investment develop the marine island economic southern Vietnam is related to the market search engine.  Theoretical 3: Attracting capital investment develop the marine island economic southern Vietnam is related to the resource search engine.  Theoretical 4: Attracting capital investment develop the marine island economic southern Vietnam is related with an effective search engine. 18  Theoretical 5: Attracting capital investment develop the marine island economic southern Vietnam is concerned with institutional quality factors (in the tendency to create a more favorable investment environment). 4.2.2. Research design The research process is carried out through two steps: qualitative research and quantitative research. Qualitative research was conducted by in-depth interviews with 14 experts in the fields of economics, finance - banking. Quantitative research was conducted with 600 enterprises making investments developing marine island economic southern Vietnam. Linear regression equation in the proposed research model: Attract capital = 0 + 1* Policy+ 2* Market+ 3* Resources + 4* Efficiency+ 5* Institutions. 4.3. RESEARCH RESULTS 4.3.1. Descriptive statistics Table 4.1. Descriptive statistics elements of the investment environment No Variance Size Mean Std. Deviation 1 Policy 600 4,5123 0,61586 2 Market 600 4,2858 0,70071 3 Resources 600 4,3083 0,67929 4 Efficiency 600 4,4800 0,66386 5 Institutions 600 4,4733 0,61728 Source: Results from the author's survey 19 4.3.1. Assess the reliability Statistics Table 4.2. Reliability Statistics Cronbach's Alpha Cronbach's Alpha N of Items Policy 0,803 0,808 3 Market 0,858 0,857 3 Resources 0,852 0,852 3 Efficiency 0,813 0,817 4 Institutions 0,839 0,840 5 Attract capital 0,836 0,840 5 Source: Results from the author's survey  EFA (Exploratory Factor Analysis) Independent variables: Table 4.3. Results of independent variable KMO and Bartlett's Test Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. 0,857 Bartlett's Test of Sphericity Approx. Chi-Square 7733,045 df 153 Sig. 0,000 Source: Results from the author's survey Dependent variable: 20 Table 4.4. Results of Dependent variable KMO and Bartlett's Test Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy. 0,820 Bartlett's Test of Sphericity Approx. Chi-Square 1204,812 df 10 Sig. 0,000 Source: Results from the author's survey 4.3.2. Correlation between variables Table 4.5. Correlation between variables Policy Market Resources Efficiency Institutions Attract capital Policy 1 Market 0,509** 1 Resources 0,521** 0,355** 1 Efficiency 0,636** 0,474** 0,440** 1 Institutions 0,518** 0,402** 0,303** 0,377** 1 Attract capital 0,774** 0,706** 0,499** 0,675** 0,535** 1 **. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). Source: Results from the author's survey Linear regression: Table 4.9. Regression analysis results Model Summary Model R R Square Adjusted R Square Std. Error of the Estimate Durbin- Watson 1 0,875a 0,765 0,763 0,29987 1,989 Model Unstandardized Coefficients Standardized Coefficients t Sig. Collinearity Statistics B Std. Error Beta Tolerance VIF 21 Coefficientsa ANOVAb Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. 1 Regression 173,711 5 34,742 386,360 0,000a Residual 53,414 594 0,090 Total 227,125 599 a. Predictors: (Constant), Policy, Market, Resources, Efficiency, Institutions. b. Dependent Variable: Attract capital Source: Results from the author's survey Regression analysis results: Attract capital = -0,124 + 0,386* Policy + 0,312* Market + 0,185* Resources + 0,101* Efficiency + 0,049* Institutions. 1 (Constant) -0,124 0,113 -1,097 0,273 Policy 0,386 0,030 0,386 12,862 0,000 0,440 2,274 Market 0,312 0,021 0,355 14,656 0,000 0,676 1,479 Resources 0,049 0,022 0,054 2,273 0,023 0,703 1,423 Efficiency 0,185 0,025 0,199 7,451 0,000 0,553 1,807 Institutions 0,101 0,024 0,102 4,286 0,000 0,705 1,418 22 CHAPTER 5 SOLUTIONS ATTRACT CAPITAL INVESTMENT DEVELOPMENT THE MARINE ISLAND ECONOMIC SOUTHERN VIETNAM 5.1. ORIENTATIONS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT MARINE ISLAND OF VIETNAM TO 2030 AND A VISION TO 2045 The Fourth Conference of the Party Central Committee X Session has a guiding viewpoint on Vietnam's marine island economic development orientation and strategy to 2030, with a vision to 2045. Marine island economic development strategy: The overall objective is to strive to turn our country into a strong nation in the sea, enriching from the sea, ensuring solid sovereignty and national sovereignty on marine islands, making an important contribution to the cause of career. industrialization and modernization, making the country rich and strong. Specific objectives are to build and comprehensively develop economic, social, scientific and technological fields, and strengthen national defense and